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Electronics Repair (sci.electronics.repair) Discussion of repairing electronic equipment. Topics include requests for assistance, where to obtain servicing information and parts, techniques for diagnosis and repair, and annecdotes about success, failures and problems. |
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#1
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leaving conductors exposed
i got a desk lamp from ebay like the one in the image link below. the
bulb is held up by two adjustable telescopic rods, exactly the same type as you would find on the aerial of a FM radio. they are metal. i saw the double insulated symbol on the bottom, which go me thinking. how did they get the wiring through these rods double insulated, they are pretty thin. then i examined the rods. they had joints in them. they werent even hollow! there was no wiring. they were the conductors. a quick check with the meter gave 20V AC. thats how it was designed to light the bulb . my question is can you have the double insulated symbol on a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? http://www.flickr.com/photos/31506127@N03/3033028166 if interested this is a description of a similar product , which shows the conductors are exposed by design: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5265000.html |
#2
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leaving conductors exposed
In article
, s wrote: i got a desk lamp from ebay like the one in the image link below. the bulb is held up by two adjustable telescopic rods, exactly the same type as you would find on the aerial of a FM radio. they are metal. i saw the double insulated symbol on the bottom, which go me thinking. how did they get the wiring through these rods double insulated, they are pretty thin. then i examined the rods. they had joints in them. they werent even hollow! there was no wiring. they were the conductors. a quick check with the meter gave 20V AC. thats how it was designed to light the bulb . my question is can you have the double insulated symbol on a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? I'd guess because 20 volt AC is considered safe. A 20 volt AC power supply could also have output terminals etc which wouldn't conform to mains etc voltages. The 'double insulation' is to help prevent mains appearing on parts you can touch easily. BTW, it's more likely to be approx 12v under load. -- *I believe five out of four people have trouble with fractions. * Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#3
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leaving conductors exposed
Can you have the double-insulated symbol on
a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? Because humans aren't likely to be electrocuted by 20V, AC or DC. But this does raise a question... What about insulation between the primary and secondary windings? Its failure could put line voltage on the secondary. |
#4
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leaving conductors exposed
In article ,
William Sommerwerck wrote: Can you have the double-insulated symbol on a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? Because humans aren't likely to be electrocuted by 20V, AC or DC. But this does raise a question... What about insulation between the primary and secondary windings? Its failure could put line voltage on the secondary. Depends on transformer design - assuming it does use one. -- *For every action, there is an equal and opposite criticism * Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#5
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leaving conductors exposed
Dave Plowman (News) wrote:
In article , s wrote: i got a desk lamp from ebay like the one in the image link below. the bulb is held up by two adjustable telescopic rods, exactly the same type as you would find on the aerial of a FM radio. they are metal. i saw the double insulated symbol on the bottom, which go me thinking. how did they get the wiring through these rods double insulated, they are pretty thin. then i examined the rods. they had joints in them. they werent even hollow! there was no wiring. they were the conductors. a quick check with the meter gave 20V AC. thats how it was designed to light the bulb . my question is can you have the double insulated symbol on a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? I'd guess because 20 volt AC is considered safe. A 20 volt AC power supply could also have output terminals etc which wouldn't conform to mains etc voltages. The 'double insulation' is to help prevent mains appearing on parts you can touch easily. BTW, it's more likely to be approx 12v under load. Ok, but how did it make it past the "fire hazard" category. It's surely a source of ignition when you knock it over onto a pair of scissors on the desk. Methinks the inspector was either asleep or out cruising in the Beemer he bought with the payoffs. |
#6
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leaving conductors exposed
In article ,
mike wrote: I'd guess because 20 volt AC is considered safe. A 20 volt AC power supply could also have output terminals etc which wouldn't conform to mains etc voltages. The 'double insulation' is to help prevent mains appearing on parts you can touch easily. BTW, it's more likely to be approx 12v under load. Ok, but how did it make it past the "fire hazard" category. It's surely a source of ignition when you knock it over onto a pair of scissors on the desk. A fuse somewhere? Methinks the inspector was either asleep or out cruising in the Beemer he bought with the payoffs. Think you're worrying too much. -- *Constipated People Don't Give A Crap* Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#7
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leaving conductors exposed
William Sommerwerck wrote: Can you have the double-insulated symbol on a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? Because humans aren't likely to be electrocuted by 20V, AC or DC. But this does raise a question... What about insulation between the primary and secondary windings? Its failure could put line voltage on the secondary. There are high isolation transformers with the windings on separate bobbins. The efficiency is lower than traditional overlaid winding, but the two windings aren't close enough for anything less than a lightning strike from reaching the secondary and there isn't any design that is safe from a direct strike. -- For the last time: I am not a mad scientist, I'm just a very ticked off scientist!!! |
#8
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leaving conductors exposed
s wrote:
i got a desk lamp from ebay like the one in the image link below. the bulb is held up by two adjustable telescopic rods, exactly the same type as you would find on the aerial of a FM radio. they are metal. i saw the double insulated symbol on the bottom, which go me thinking. how did they get the wiring through these rods double insulated, they are pretty thin. then i examined the rods. they had joints in them. they werent even hollow! there was no wiring. they were the conductors. a quick check with the meter gave 20V AC. thats how it was designed to light the bulb . my question is can you have the double insulated symbol on a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? that's if you believe the markings on the product in the first place. Can you measure the leakage from either of the antennae to ground? |
#9
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leaving conductors exposed
In article ,
Michael A. Terrell wrote: There are high isolation transformers with the windings on separate bobbins. The efficiency is lower than traditional overlaid winding, but the two windings aren't close enough for anything less than a lightning strike from reaching the secondary and there isn't any design that is safe from a direct strike. Indeed. Often called 'medical quality'. -- *I don't work here. I'm a consultant Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#10
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leaving conductors exposed
"mike" Ok, but how did it make it past the "fire hazard" category. ** The design of the transformer prevents any fire or electrocution hazard. It's surely a source of ignition when you knock it over onto a pair of scissors on the desk. ** Shorting the secondary winding is one of the tests carried out when certifying a transformer as "class 2" or double insulated. The unit must not overheat or burn to the extent that primary and secondary circuits can become fused. Most often this is achieved by adding a thermal fuse to the primary circuit that will open if the winding temp reaches a point that could damage the insulation used to make the tranny - about 120C in most examples. Some older designs used fireproof insulation between the primary and secondary and the winding were contained on separate halves of a plastic bobbin. Such a tranny could smoke and burn but still not present an electrocution hazard. ..... Phil |
#11
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leaving conductors exposed
"Cydrome Leader" my question is can you have the double insulated symbol on a product with exposed 20V AC conductors? that's if you believe the markings on the product in the first place. ** The double square symbol is one that any maker can simply apply themselves - in most places no lab testing would be involved. It is on the maker's head if the product does not comply with all class 2 safety rules and is unsafe. In this case however, the presence of a "one shot " thermal fuse in the primary winding of the AC tranny will do the job ALONG with split bobbin construction. ..... Phil |
#12
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leaving conductors exposed
Phil Allison wrote:
"mike" Ok, but how did it make it past the "fire hazard" category. ** The design of the transformer prevents any fire or electrocution hazard. It's surely a source of ignition when you knock it over onto a pair of scissors on the desk. ** Shorting the secondary winding is one of the tests carried out when certifying a transformer as "class 2" or double insulated. The unit must not overheat or burn to the extent that primary and secondary circuits can become fused. Most often this is achieved by adding a thermal fuse to the primary circuit that will open if the winding temp reaches a point that could damage the insulation used to make the tranny - about 120C in most examples. Some older designs used fireproof insulation between the primary and secondary and the winding were contained on separate halves of a plastic bobbin. Such a tranny could smoke and burn but still not present an electrocution hazard. .... Phil Ok, but what about the spark that happens when you knock it over while refilling your butane torch? Or when you just cleaned a part with alcohol. Dumb design!!! Safety design is a LOT more than just the obvious. There'd be a lot fewer houses burned to the ground if only engineers thought more about how their products are used and the hazards caused by confluence of circumstance. Did I mention...DUMB DESIGN!! |
#13
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leaving conductors exposed
mike wrote: Phil Allison wrote: "mike" Ok, but how did it make it past the "fire hazard" category. ** The design of the transformer prevents any fire or electrocution hazard. It's surely a source of ignition when you knock it over onto a pair of scissors on the desk. ** Shorting the secondary winding is one of the tests carried out when certifying a transformer as "class 2" or double insulated. The unit must not overheat or burn to the extent that primary and secondary circuits can become fused. Most often this is achieved by adding a thermal fuse to the primary circuit that will open if the winding temp reaches a point that could damage the insulation used to make the tranny - about 120C in most examples. Some older designs used fireproof insulation between the primary and secondary and the winding were contained on separate halves of a plastic bobbin. Such a tranny could smoke and burn but still not present an electrocution hazard. .... Phil Ok, but what about the spark that happens when you knock it over while refilling your butane torch? Or when you just cleaned a part with alcohol. Dumb design!!! Safety design is a LOT more than just the obvious. There'd be a lot fewer houses burned to the ground if only engineers thought more about how their products are used and the hazards caused by confluence of circumstance. Did I mention...DUMB DESIGN!! I nominate you for a Darwin Award. The timing is up to you. -- For the last time: I am not a mad scientist, I'm just a very ticked off scientist!!! |
#14
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leaving conductors exposed
"mike" Safety design is a LOT more than just the obvious. There'd be a lot fewer houses burned to the ground if only engineers thought more about how their products are used and the hazards caused by confluence of circumstance. Did I mention...DUMB DESIGN!! ** Never put a 9 volt alkaline battery in the same pocket as your keys..... ..... Phil |
#15
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leaving conductors exposed
Phil Allison wrote:
"mike" Safety design is a LOT more than just the obvious. There'd be a lot fewer houses burned to the ground if only engineers thought more about how their products are used and the hazards caused by confluence of circumstance. Did I mention...DUMB DESIGN!! ** Never put a 9 volt alkaline battery in the same pocket as your keys..... .... Phil At least don't fart if you do. |
#16
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leaving conductors exposed
On Sun, 12 Dec 2010 09:34:29 +0000 (GMT), "Dave Plowman (News)"
wrote: In article , Michael A. Terrell wrote: There are high isolation transformers with the windings on separate bobbins. The efficiency is lower than traditional overlaid winding, but the two windings aren't close enough for anything less than a lightning strike from reaching the secondary and there isn't any design that is safe from a direct strike. Indeed. Often called 'medical quality'. There was a guy in the steel mill I worked at (in the office) who was killed by his table radio, iirc, It's a little rough in the mills, the computer monitors and keyboards got very dirty, but I'm still surprised the radio killed him.. After that, they wouldn't let us use any radio or fan unless it had a 3-prong plug (and presumably 3 wires, one of them grounding the chassis. I was a contractor and wan't going to play games by pretending to have a grounded appliance when I didn't, so I gave up on the fan and brought in a transistor radio.) As to the risk here, I routinely touch both clips of the 1-amp 12 votl battery charger I have. I havent' done that with the 8 amp charger, probably because the phrase "8 amp" scares me, but it shoudln't and tomorrow I will, I'll even find some alcohol to spark in. If I don't post back, it means my house burned down and took my computer and me with it. |
#17
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leaving conductors exposed
In article ,
mm wrote: As to the risk here, I routinely touch both clips of the 1-amp 12 votl battery charger I have. I havent' done that with the 8 amp charger, probably because the phrase "8 amp" scares me, but it shoudln't and tomorrow I will, I'll even find some alcohol to spark in. If I don't post back, it means my house burned down and took my computer and me with it. It only takes a few milliamps to kill you. Assuming the current has a path to a vital organ, like the heart. Of course many modern car battery chargers have a relay on their output with the coil operated by the battery - via a diode - to prevent damage to the charger if it's connected with the wrong polarity. Which also means it's less likely you'll touch the connectors when they're live. A powered up but disconnected battery charger of a basic design might well present a greater 'hazard' than when connected to the battery as the open circuit voltage could be much higher than the nominal 12 volts. -- *Marathon runners with bad footwear suffer the agony of defeat* Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#18
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leaving conductors exposed
On 12 dic, 23:51, mike wrote:
Phil Allison wrote: "mike" Ok, but how did it make it past the "fire hazard" category. ** The design of the transformer prevents any fire or electrocution hazard. It's surely a source of ignition when you knock it over onto a pair of scissors on the desk. ** *Shorting the secondary winding is one of the tests carried out when certifying a transformer as "class 2" or double insulated. The unit must not overheat or burn to the extent that primary and secondary circuits can become fused. Most often this is achieved by adding a thermal fuse to the primary circuit that will open if the winding temp reaches a point that could damage the insulation used to make the tranny - * about 120C in most examples. Some older designs used fireproof insulation between the primary and secondary and the winding were contained on separate halves of a plastic bobbin. Such a tranny could smoke and burn but still not present an electrocution hazard. .... *Phil Ok, but what about the spark that happens when you knock it over while refilling your butane torch? *Or when you just cleaned a part with alcohol. *Dumb design!!! Safety design is a LOT more than just the obvious. There'd be a lot fewer houses burned to the ground if only engineers thought more about how their products are used and the hazards caused by confluence of circumstance. Did I mention...DUMB DESIGN!! But you bought a chinese no name "design" lamp, with chinese construction "quality" and chinese design "aspect" and you pretend that this lamp should be properly designed??? I bet you that the creator of that "jewel" isn´t even an engineer. If you don´t fell comfortable with the lamp, and I wouldn´t BTW, just trash it. |
#19
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leaving conductors exposed
On 15 dic, 05:21, "Dave Plowman (News)" wrote:
In article , * *mm wrote: As to the risk here, I routinely touch both clips of the 1-amp 12 votl battery charger I have. * I havent' done that with the 8 amp charger, probably because the phrase "8 amp" scares me, but it shoudln't and tomorrow I will, *I'll even find some alcohol to spark in. *If I don't post back, it means my house burned down and took my computer and me with it. It only takes a few milliamps to kill you. Assuming the current has a path to a vital organ, like the heart. Of course many modern car battery chargers have a relay on their output with the coil operated by the battery - via a diode - to prevent damage to the charger if it's connected with the wrong polarity. Which also means it's less likely you'll touch the connectors when they're live. A powered up but disconnected battery charger of a basic design might well present a greater 'hazard' than when connected to the battery as the open circuit voltage could be much higher than the nominal 12 volts. -- *Marathon runners with bad footwear suffer the agony of defeat* * * Dave Plowman * * * * * * * * London SW * * * * * * * * * To e-mail, change noise into sound. Certainly you can be killed with a few milliamps, but only if the voltage is 60V or higher. |
#20
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leaving conductors exposed
In article
, lsmartino wrote: It only takes a few milliamps to kill you. Assuming the current has a path to a vital organ, like the heart. Certainly you can be killed with a few milliamps, but only if the voltage is 60V or higher. Current flow depends on resistance as well as voltage. And when talking about the human body that resistance will vary by a huge amount depending on many factors. 60 volts isn't considered 'safe' anywhere I know of. About half that is the accepted norm. -- *Give me ambiguity or give me something else. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#21
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leaving conductors exposed
As to the risk here, I routinely touch both clips of the 1-amp 12 volt
battery charger I have. I havent' done that with the 8 amp charger, probably because the phrase "8 amp" scares me, but it shoudln't and tomorrow I will, I'll even find some alcohol to spark in. If I don't post back, it means my house burned down and took my computer and me with it. It only takes a few milliamps to kill you. Assuming the current has a path to a vital organ, like the heart. It takes about 100mA through the heart to kill you. Guys, a battery charger is not a constant-current device! It provides only the current determined by its charging voltage (which I assume starts at around 14V) and your skin resistance, which even when your hands are wet, is no lower than a few thousand ohms. YOU CANNOT BE ELCTROCUTED BY THE OUTPUT OF A CAR-BATTERY CHARGER. |
#22
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leaving conductors exposed
Certainly you can be killed with a few milliamps,
but only if the voltage is 60V or higher. Wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong. The voltage has nothing whatever to do with electrocution (other than affecting how much current flows). ONLY THE CURRENT MATTERS. You cannot be killed "with a few milliamps". The thresholds are known, and the lethal level is at about 100mA through the heart. I can't believe the participants in /this/ group aren't more familiar with electrical safety. |
#23
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leaving conductors exposed
60 volts isn't considered 'safe' anywhere I know of.
About half that is the accepted norm. 60V is not lethal (unless, perhaps, the electrodes were under the skin). It can, however, deliver a nasty shock, which can provoke a fall, or bumping into something that really is dangerous. |
#24
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leaving conductors exposed
In article ,
William Sommerwerck wrote: Certainly you can be killed with a few milliamps, but only if the voltage is 60V or higher. Wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong. The voltage has nothing whatever to do with electrocution (other than affecting how much current flows). ONLY THE CURRENT MATTERS. That bit is correct. You cannot be killed "with a few milliamps". The thresholds are known, and the lethal level is at about 100mA through the heart. The actual amount will vary from person to person. That may well be an average. How many 'milliamps' on average does 'your' electric chair seek to achieve to be fairly certain of killing someone without blowing them apart? I can't believe the participants in /this/ group aren't more familiar with electrical safety. Electrical safety standards vary between countries. And over the years. The only truly safe advice is not to touch anything live. -- *Why is it considered necessary to screw down the lid of a coffin? Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#25
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leaving conductors exposed
How many 'milliamps' on average does 'your' electric chair
seek to achieve to be fairly certain of killing someone without blowing them apart? That's one of the problems with electric chairs -- they don't work the way they're supposed to. They do a better job of slowly frying the criminal, rather than quickly stopping his heart. I'll have to write a new version of Gilbert... "The criminal fried..." I can't believe the participants in /this/ group aren't more familiar with electrical safety. Electrical safety standards vary between countries. I was talking about safety, not safety standards or regulations. |
#26
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On 15 dic, 09:55, "William Sommerwerck"
wrote: Certainly you can be killed with a few milliamps, but only if the voltage is 60V or higher. Wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong. The voltage has nothing whatever to do with electrocution (other than affecting how much current flows). ONLY THE CURRENT MATTERS. You cannot be killed "with a few milliamps". The thresholds are known, and the lethal level is at about 100mA through the heart. I can't believe the participants in /this/ group aren't more familiar with electrical safety. Human skin has a resistance between 1K and 6K, and that resistante varies with the voltage aplied to skin. This table supplied by the IEC indicates that human skin electrical resistance varies as follows: Voltage 5% 50% 95% 25 V 1,750 Ω 3,250 Ω 6,100 Ω 100 V 1,200 Ω 1,875 Ω 3,200 Ω 220 V 1,000 Ω 1,350 Ω 2,125 Ω 1000 V 700 Ω 1,050 Ω 1,500 Ω The 5%, 50%, and 95% columns represents the distribution of the population percentile per measurement. Now lets assume that you have a voltage source of 24V. According to the above table your body impedance can be anywhere between 1,750 and 6,100 ohms at that voltage level. Using omhs law, and aplying the lowest impedance, your body will draw only 13 mA. That´s why a 24V battery WILL NOT kill anyone, no matter what is the aH capacity of the battery, nor the maximum current available from the battery at a given time. You body will only draw 0,013 mA from it. And also that´s the reason no one gets killed when the touch the posts of a 12V car battery. Now lets repeat the calculations supossing that we have a voltage source of 60V. Using again the table, and taking the lowest impedance possible (1200 ohms), the amount of current that will be drawn by the human skin would be 50 mA. OK, for sure that will be a painful experience but no one will get killed from a 60V source... except if the person is wet. In that case, the impedance will be lower. The point I am trying to make here is that while is true that a 100 mA current is lethal, you have to provide a voltage level high enough to your body in order to make draw 100 mA. Voltage levels under 60V will not kill anybody unless the person decides to put electrodes under the skin, or the skin is wet. |
#27
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leaving conductors exposed
Human skin has a resistance between 1K and 6K, and
that resistance varies with the voltage aplied to skin. That's a way-low value. Try grabbing the probes of a DVM. The actual resistance varies with the skin's wetness, the area covered, and whether the skin has been penetrated. |
#28
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On 15 dic, 12:07, "William Sommerwerck"
wrote: Human skin has a resistance between 1K and 6K, and that resistance varies with the voltage aplied to skin. That's a way-low value. Try grabbing the probes of a DVM. The actual resistance varies with the skin's wetness, the area covered, and whether the skin has been penetrated. Certainly a DVM will show a body impedance of 20K or more, but please take into account that a DVM will, at most cases, apply 1.5V or 3V to the test probes, and skin impedance is inversely proportional to the voltage applied to it. See this article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_shock "The voltage necessary for electrocution depends on the current through the body and the duration of the current. Ohm's law states that the current drawn depends on the resistance of the body. The resistance of human skin varies from person to person and fluctuates between different times of day. The NIOSH states "Under dry conditions, the resistance offered by the human body may be as high as 100,000 Ohms. Wet or broken skin may drop the body's resistance to 1,000 Ohms," adding that "high-voltage electrical energy quickly breaks down human skin, reducing the human body's resistance to 500 Ohms."[9] The International Electrotechnical Commission gives the following values for the total body impedance of a hand to hand circuit for dry skin, large contact areas, 50 Hz AC currents (the columns contain the distribution of the impedance in the population percentile; for example at 100 V 50% of the population had an impedance of 1875Ω or less):[10] Voltage 5% 50% 95% 25 V 1,750 Ω 3,250 Ω 6,100 Ω 100 V 1,200 Ω 1,875 Ω 3,200 Ω 220 V 1,000 Ω 1,350 Ω 2,125 Ω 1000 V 700 Ω 1,050 Ω 1,500 Ω " Notice that depending on the amount of voltage applied to the skin, it resistance decreases. That´s why a DVM will show a higher impedance than the one that is published in the table. Summarizing: we agree that current is what kills, but in order to make your body draw that amount of current, you need a high enough voltage. Voltages under 60V are unlikely to kill anyone, unless the person is applying electricity directly through an open wound. Just do the math. |
#29
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lsmartino wrote: Summarizing: we agree that current is what kills, but in order to make your body draw that amount of current, you need a high enough voltage. Voltages under 60V are unlikely to kill anyone, unless the person is applying electricity directly through an open wound. Just do the math. A humman body doesn't 'draw current'. It 'passes current' if you are in a circuit. -- For the last time: I am not a mad scientist, I'm just a very ticked off scientist!!! |
#30
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In article ,
William Sommerwerck wrote: How many 'milliamps' on average does 'your' electric chair seek to achieve to be fairly certain of killing someone without blowing them apart? That's one of the problems with electric chairs -- they don't work the way they're supposed to. They do a better job of slowly frying the criminal, rather than quickly stopping his heart. I'll have to write a new version of Gilbert... "The criminal fried..." ;-) I can't believe the participants in /this/ group aren't more familiar with electrical safety. Electrical safety standards vary between countries. I was talking about safety, not safety standards or regulations. Indeed. To you or me it seems so simple. -- *Lottery: A tax on people who are bad at math. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#31
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In article ,
William Sommerwerck wrote: Human skin has a resistance between 1K and 6K, and that resistance varies with the voltage aplied to skin. That's a way-low value. Try grabbing the probes of a DVM. The actual resistance varies with the skin's wetness, the area covered, and whether the skin has been penetrated. Then there's me. Thick skinned. As you have to be to post to a US group from the UK. I'd guess they are measuring through the skin - from front to back as it were. But of course it varies in thickness according to where it is in on the body. -- *Confession is good for the soul, but bad for your career. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#32
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On 15 dic, 13:18, "Michael A. Terrell"
wrote: lsmartino wrote: Summarizing: we agree that current is what kills, but in order to make your body draw that amount of current, you need a high enough voltage. Voltages under 60V are unlikely to kill anyone, unless the person is applying electricity directly through an open wound. Just do the math. * *A humman body doesn't 'draw current'. *It 'passes current' if you are in a circuit. -- For the last time: *I am not a mad scientist, I'm just a very ticked off scientist!!! Certainly. My mistake. |
#33
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In message
, lsmartino writes On 15 dic, 13:18, "Michael A. Terrell" wrote: lsmartino wrote: Summarizing: we agree that current is what kills, but in order to make your body draw that amount of current, you need a high enough voltage. Voltages under 60V are unlikely to kill anyone, unless the person is applying electricity directly through an open wound. Just do the math. * *A humman body doesn't 'draw current'. *It 'passes current' if you are in a circuit. -- For the last time: *I am not a mad scientist, I'm just a very ticked off scientist!!! Certainly. My mistake. It's not a mistake at all. To 'draw current' is a common figure of speech. A resistor, connected across a battery, by passing current, will 'draw current' from the battery. -- Ian |
#34
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leaving conductors exposed
On Wed, 15 Dec 2010 09:21:30 +0000 (GMT), "Dave Plowman (News)"
wrote: In article , mm wrote: As to the risk here, I routinely touch both clips of the 1-amp 12 votl battery charger I have. I havent' done that with the 8 amp charger, probably because the phrase "8 amp" scares me, but it shoudln't and BTW, I know that an 8 amp charger won't put any more current through me than a one amp charger. Maybe I don't hold both claimps at once because they are big and ugly and and "zinc"-coated and seem dirty even when they're not, and much harrder to hold in one hand than the other little ones, and they are on separate wires instead of two-conductor wire that splits only a few inches from the clamps, like he little charger. tomorrow I will, I'll even find some alcohol to spark in. If I don't post back, it means my house burned down and took my computer and me with it. It only takes a few milliamps to kill you. Assuming the current has a path to a vital organ, like the heart. The body gives thousands of ohms resistance, even when one's fingers are wet. Has anyone every been killed by 12-volts, DC or AC? I doubt it. Of course many modern car battery chargers have a relay on their output with the coil operated by the battery - via a diode - to prevent damage to the charger if it's connected with the wrong polarity. Which also means it's less likely you'll touch the connectors when they're live. A powered up but disconnected battery charger of a basic design might well present a greater 'hazard' than when connected to the battery as the open circuit voltage could be much higher than the nominal 12 volts. 20 volts. |
#35
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leaving conductors exposed
Thanks for recommending the Powermid pyramid remote extender. I got one and it works great. I'm going to get more for other rooms. I knew about it, but hadn't had a personal recommendation before. Sort of ironic, since my Leapfrog IR-45 was finally working pretty well on all 3 floors, but the Powermid is even quite a bit better. On Wed, 15 Dec 2010 05:55:52 -0800, "William Sommerwerck" wrote: Certainly you can be killed with a few milliamps, but only if the voltage is 60V or higher. Wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong. The voltage has nothing whatever to do with electrocution (other than affecting how much current flows). ONLY THE CURRENT MATTERS. Except that the current is directly proportional to the voltage, so I don't think it's fair to say the votage ahs nothing whatever to do it with it. And you can only apply voltage. You don't know how much current will go through most things until there is a voltage across it either from an ohmmeter or some power supply. No offense meant, but I'm reminded of a JHS science teacher who said that water had nothing to do with rust, because the formula for rust production is Fe + 02 = Fe02 (or something like that) and water isn't in it. Even though everyone can tell that wet things rust much more than dry things. Other than this, I agree with your posts. You cannot be killed "with a few milliamps". The thresholds are known, and the lethal level is at about 100mA through the heart. I can't believe the participants in /this/ group aren't more familiar with electrical safety. |
#36
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leaving conductors exposed
lsmartino wrote:
On 12 dic, 23:51, mike wrote: Phil Allison wrote: "mike" Ok, but how did it make it past the "fire hazard" category. ** The design of the transformer prevents any fire or electrocution hazard. It's surely a source of ignition when you knock it over onto a pair of scissors on the desk. ** Shorting the secondary winding is one of the tests carried out when certifying a transformer as "class 2" or double insulated. The unit must not overheat or burn to the extent that primary and secondary circuits can become fused. Most often this is achieved by adding a thermal fuse to the primary circuit that will open if the winding temp reaches a point that could damage the insulation used to make the tranny - about 120C in most examples. Some older designs used fireproof insulation between the primary and secondary and the winding were contained on separate halves of a plastic bobbin. Such a tranny could smoke and burn but still not present an electrocution hazard. .... Phil Ok, but what about the spark that happens when you knock it over while refilling your butane torch? Or when you just cleaned a part with alcohol. Dumb design!!! Safety design is a LOT more than just the obvious. There'd be a lot fewer houses burned to the ground if only engineers thought more about how their products are used and the hazards caused by confluence of circumstance. Did I mention...DUMB DESIGN!! But you bought a chinese no name "design" lamp, with chinese construction "quality" and chinese design "aspect" and you pretend that this lamp should be properly designed??? I bet you that the creator of that "jewel" isn´t even an engineer. If you don´t fell comfortable with the lamp, and I wouldn´t BTW, just trash it. Well... I didn't buy it. The issue is not about the buyer's ability to determine the safety of a Chinese lamp. The issue is about the certification agencies who have the device in their lab for qualification. Their JOB is to protect me from harm. They should not have qualified such a device. You may feel otherwise, that's your right. |
#37
Posted to sci.electronics.repair
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leaving conductors exposed
Michael A. Terrell wrote:
lsmartino wrote: Summarizing: we agree that current is what kills, but in order to make your body draw that amount of current, you need a high enough voltage. Voltages under 60V are unlikely to kill anyone, unless the person is applying electricity directly through an open wound. Just do the math. A humman body doesn't 'draw current'. It 'passes current' if you are in a circuit. That's a "creative" interpretation. To get current, you must have volts. Power = volts x amps. So, where does that power end up? And how do you rationalize a useful distinction between "drawing" and "passing"? |
#38
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leaving conductors exposed
William Sommerwerck wrote:
As to the risk here, I routinely touch both clips of the 1-amp 12 volt battery charger I have. I havent' done that with the 8 amp charger, probably because the phrase "8 amp" scares me, but it shoudln't and tomorrow I will, I'll even find some alcohol to spark in. If I don't post back, it means my house burned down and took my computer and me with it. It only takes a few milliamps to kill you. Assuming the current has a path to a vital organ, like the heart. It takes about 100mA through the heart to kill you. Guys, a battery charger is not a constant-current device! It provides only the current determined by its charging voltage (which I assume starts at around 14V) and your skin resistance, which even when your hands are wet, is no lower than a few thousand ohms. YOU CANNOT BE ELCTROCUTED BY THE OUTPUT OF A CAR-BATTERY CHARGER. That statement suggests a misguided interpretation of "certainty". I doubt you've considered ALL possibilities. "unlikely" might be a better word than "cannot" for use in that sentence. |
#39
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leaving conductors exposed
In article ,
mike wrote: But you bought a chinese no name "design" lamp, with chinese construction "quality" and chinese design "aspect" and you pretend that this lamp should be properly designed??? I bet you that the creator of that "jewel" isn´t even an engineer. If you don´t fell comfortable with the lamp, and I wouldn´t BTW, just trash it. Well... I didn't buy it. The issue is not about the buyer's ability to determine the safety of a Chinese lamp. The issue is about the certification agencies who have the device in their lab for qualification. Their JOB is to protect me from harm. They should not have qualified such a device. You may feel otherwise, that's your right. I've got three of those design lamps here. Bought many years ago. Didn't know they'd come back into fashion. I'm no more worried about using them than I worry about having a PP3 battery with the terminals exposed... -- *Is it true that cannibals don't eat clowns because they taste funny? Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
#40
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leaving conductors exposed
YOU CANNOT BE ELCTROCUTED BY THE
OUTPUT OF A CAR-BATTERY CHARGER. That statement suggests a misguided interpretation of "certainty". I doubt you've considered ALL possibilities. "unlikely" might be a better word than "cannot" for use in that sentence. You're right in principle, but it's difficult to think of /any/ situation in which 14 volts could pump enough current through a human body to kill its owner. You'd need a net resistance (across the heart) of 140 ohms. Not likely. |
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