When I drill through a piece of wood, what are the things I can do to:

a. Keep the starting hole clean?

and

b. Keep the exit hole clean, and free of splintering.

I know this will have something to do with the type of wood, but there has
to be other ways.

Fast speeds on the drill? Different type of drill? Very sharp drill?
Different angle of grind on drill bit? Tape? Sandwiching boards?

Thanks. I know this is a basic question, but we all start in the first
grade.

Steve