On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 20:24:32 -0500, The Daring Dufas wrote:
snip
Which license did you get? Me along with a bunch of guys I knew
took a license course to help us ace our First Class FCC ticket
more than 30 years ago. We were already working on radio stations
and two way radio gear, the license just made us legal. The wacky
guy giving the course had a favorite made up word to describe any
mysterious, incomprehensible gadget. The word is "framistan" and
I've been using it ever since. I have a whole story about the
situations in which I use the word on "lay persons". *snicker*

They're based on F.M.*


* ****ing magic

The Daring Dufas wrote:
wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 13:56:46 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

The Daring Dufas wrote:
wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 10:40:44 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 09:49:35 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 08:27:19 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Wed, 07 Apr 2010 23:20:22 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Wed, 07 Apr 2010 08:16:43 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Tue, 06 Apr 2010 23:46:43 -0400, aemeijers

wrote:

JimT wrote:
"gpsman" wrote in message
...

On Apr 6, 4:20 pm, Zootal
wrote:
Sigh...4 years, time to throw it away and buy another.

Anyone care to recommend a good dishwasher?
I don't believe there is more than a nickels worth of
functional
difference in any like-type appliances.

Everybody makes a piece of **** designed only to
outlive the warranty,
such as they are these days. I think I got a whopping
90 days on this
last $2200 TV.
snip
====

My Panasonic Viera has been going strong for over 6
years now. The picture is as good as the day I bought
it. Outlasted every TV I've ever owned.

Again, shrug. One of my Trinitrons is 12 years old, the
other maybe six? (bought it used). Both get heavy use,
both still work perfectly. (Damn Sony quality- I can't
justify buying flat-screens till these die.)
As someone who feels that Sony is the best TV, and a used
Sony is the
second best TV, I have to tell you that the picture on a
12 year old
Trinitron is NOTHING like the picture was when it was
new. At 6 years
the deterioration would be noticable in a side by side
comparison with
a new one.

Phosphors get tired.

Actually, it's the electron guns that get tired. Years ago
when I
was in the TV repair business, rebuilt picture tubes were
a very
big business. I haven't seen a rebuilt picture tube in 20
years.
It's my understanding that the only phosphors that would
be replaced
would be those in projector tubes because of the high
output. I
think there is only one picture tube rebuilding company
left in
The U.S. now.

TDD
No, that is a different issue. The guns get coated, and you
can get a
little more life out of them by blowing that coating off
with a burst
of electricity to the cathodes. They call this "Picture Tube
Rejuvenation. Once you do it, you are on a short schedule for
replacement. Sometimes you could get as good a result by
tapping on
the neck of the tube to knock some of the cake off. You
could actually
see the crap flake off. They also used to sell something
called a CRT
brightner, which simply raised the voltage to the
filiments. This also
hastened ultimate failure. Often rejuvenation resulted in
immediate
failure. It's really a desperate move.

None of that will cure tired phosphors, which are simply
less reactive
then newer ones. The phosphors get tired and the picture
quality
suffers.

The guns are factory coated, the blaster makes a fresh
surface because
the old surface loses efficiency. The B&W and single color
tube coating
of phosphors can be renewed from what I've read. The color
tubes have
the three different color phosphors deposited on the
faceplate before
it is welded to the glass bell which would make it unlikely
to be an
economical prospect for re-coating. I used my Sencore
picture tube
tester many a time to add a little life to an old set along
with all
the little booster gadgets that were on the market 35 years
ago. I miss
those wonderful electric shocks I received from the
horizontal output
tubes when my elbow touched an anode cap. I'm much better
now. BZZZZZ!

TDD
I explained it correctly and factually.

Well tell me, what do the guns get coated with during proper
operation?
I'm always open to learning new things because regardless of
what I may
think, I don't know everything. *snicker*

Exhausted material from the cathode itself.
Often you can SEE the crap flake off of a badly encrusuted
cathode if
you tap on the neck of the tub sharply with a screwdriver
handle while
the tube is in operation.

*snicker*
The tube tester had a rejuvenation function that would blast the
guns
and you could see the sparkling through the neck of the picture
tube.

TDD
Well, DUH, Dufas!

WTF do you think I have told you several times now?

The literature from Sencore called this exposing a fresh layer on
the emitters not blowing off deposits. Anyhoo, everyone may call
it something different.

TDD
Exposing a fresh layer by blowing off the dead stuff. Are you really
having this much trouble wrapping your head around something so
simple?

I would avoid getting too wrapped up in Sencore's "technical"
information. Sencore was sort of the "Rent to Own" of the electronics
world. Their main business was selling extremely over priced equipment
to little mom & pop repair shops who couldn't qualify for a business
loan to buy equipment. The Sencore stuff wasn't awful, but you could
get MUCH better stuff for a lot less money.


The VA-65, as an example, was an easy to use device for general
TV/video work, but couldn't even generate a genuine NTSC white window
test pattern. Unfortunately, most service manual photographs of
waveforms were made using a genuine NTSC white window pattern
generator, so comparing what was in the manuals to what you were
looking at on your Sencore was problematic.

The price of the VA-65, like all Sencore equipment, was absurd. If you
wanted one, buying from someone going out of business was the way to
go.
And scopes? You could buy 2 or 3, 100 MHz Hitachis with far better
triggering, etc, for the price of a two channel 60Mhz Sencore scope.


But Sencore had the exclusive framistan electrode analyzer for
color CRT tubes. No one else had such a product. I had new and
used Sencore stuff that worked well and did the job. I wasn't
sending rockets into outer space. Now I have HP scopes laying
around along with other stuff I dreamed of owning. I recently
fixed up some HP TDR units for a friend to sell on eBay. The
things cost thousands of dollars way back when they were new
but some folks still like to use them. The little chart recorders
are so cute.

TDD
OOPS! I misspoke, the TDR units were Tektronix 1502's.

TDD


It sounds like we have both may have worked on a few TV's at some
point.

I actually worked more on commercial video and audio equipment, but
there were always TV's as part of the mix, and I even went and got
licensed for consumer electronics, (Radio/TV/Antenna) even though I
really didn't need the license for what I was doing. I just figured it
was a good thing to have.


Which license did you get? Me along with a bunch of guys I knew
took a license course to help us ace our First Class FCC ticket
more than 30 years ago. We were already working on radio stations
and two way radio gear, the license just made us legal. The wacky
guy giving the course had a favorite made up word to describe any
mysterious, incomprehensible gadget. The word is "framistan" and
I've been using it ever since. I have a whole story about the
situations in which I use the word on "lay persons". *snicker*

TDD

Uh, I think Don Martin, from MAD magazine, coined that one....

I could be wrong, though.

--
aem sends...

aemeijers wrote:
The Daring Dufas wrote:
wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 13:56:46 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

The Daring Dufas wrote:
wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 10:40:44 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 09:49:35 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 08:27:19 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Wed, 07 Apr 2010 23:20:22 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Wed, 07 Apr 2010 08:16:43 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Tue, 06 Apr 2010 23:46:43 -0400, aemeijers

wrote:

JimT wrote:
"gpsman" wrote in message
...

On Apr 6, 4:20 pm, Zootal
wrote:
Sigh...4 years, time to throw it away and buy another.

Anyone care to recommend a good dishwasher?
I don't believe there is more than a nickels worth of
functional
difference in any like-type appliances.

Everybody makes a piece of **** designed only to
outlive the warranty,
such as they are these days. I think I got a whopping
90 days on this
last $2200 TV.
snip
====

My Panasonic Viera has been going strong for over 6
years now. The picture is as good as the day I bought
it. Outlasted every TV I've ever owned.

Again, shrug. One of my Trinitrons is 12 years old, the
other maybe six? (bought it used). Both get heavy use,
both still work perfectly. (Damn Sony quality- I can't
justify buying flat-screens till these die.)
As someone who feels that Sony is the best TV, and a
used Sony is the
second best TV, I have to tell you that the picture on a
12 year old
Trinitron is NOTHING like the picture was when it was
new. At 6 years
the deterioration would be noticable in a side by side
comparison with
a new one.

Phosphors get tired.

Actually, it's the electron guns that get tired. Years
ago when I
was in the TV repair business, rebuilt picture tubes were
a very
big business. I haven't seen a rebuilt picture tube in 20
years.
It's my understanding that the only phosphors that would
be replaced
would be those in projector tubes because of the high
output. I
think there is only one picture tube rebuilding company
left in
The U.S. now.

TDD
No, that is a different issue. The guns get coated, and
you can get a
little more life out of them by blowing that coating off
with a burst
of electricity to the cathodes. They call this "Picture Tube
Rejuvenation. Once you do it, you are on a short schedule for
replacement. Sometimes you could get as good a result by
tapping on
the neck of the tube to knock some of the cake off. You
could actually
see the crap flake off. They also used to sell something
called a CRT
brightner, which simply raised the voltage to the
filiments. This also
hastened ultimate failure. Often rejuvenation resulted in
immediate
failure. It's really a desperate move.

None of that will cure tired phosphors, which are simply
less reactive
then newer ones. The phosphors get tired and the picture
quality
suffers.

The guns are factory coated, the blaster makes a fresh
surface because
the old surface loses efficiency. The B&W and single color
tube coating
of phosphors can be renewed from what I've read. The color
tubes have
the three different color phosphors deposited on the
faceplate before
it is welded to the glass bell which would make it unlikely
to be an
economical prospect for re-coating. I used my Sencore
picture tube
tester many a time to add a little life to an old set along
with all
the little booster gadgets that were on the market 35 years
ago. I miss
those wonderful electric shocks I received from the
horizontal output
tubes when my elbow touched an anode cap. I'm much better
now. BZZZZZ!

TDD
I explained it correctly and factually.

Well tell me, what do the guns get coated with during proper
operation?
I'm always open to learning new things because regardless of
what I may
think, I don't know everything. *snicker*

Exhausted material from the cathode itself.
Often you can SEE the crap flake off of a badly encrusuted
cathode if
you tap on the neck of the tub sharply with a screwdriver
handle while
the tube is in operation.

*snicker*
The tube tester had a rejuvenation function that would blast
the guns
and you could see the sparkling through the neck of the picture
tube.

TDD
Well, DUH, Dufas!

WTF do you think I have told you several times now?

The literature from Sencore called this exposing a fresh layer on
the emitters not blowing off deposits. Anyhoo, everyone may call
it something different.

TDD
Exposing a fresh layer by blowing off the dead stuff. Are you really
having this much trouble wrapping your head around something so
simple?

I would avoid getting too wrapped up in Sencore's "technical"
information. Sencore was sort of the "Rent to Own" of the electronics
world. Their main business was selling extremely over priced
equipment
to little mom & pop repair shops who couldn't qualify for a business
loan to buy equipment. The Sencore stuff wasn't awful, but you could
get MUCH better stuff for a lot less money.


The VA-65, as an example, was an easy to use device for general
TV/video work, but couldn't even generate a genuine NTSC white window
test pattern. Unfortunately, most service manual photographs of
waveforms were made using a genuine NTSC white window pattern
generator, so comparing what was in the manuals to what you were
looking at on your Sencore was problematic.

The price of the VA-65, like all Sencore equipment, was absurd. If
you
wanted one, buying from someone going out of business was the way to
go.
And scopes? You could buy 2 or 3, 100 MHz Hitachis with far better
triggering, etc, for the price of a two channel 60Mhz Sencore scope.


But Sencore had the exclusive framistan electrode analyzer for
color CRT tubes. No one else had such a product. I had new and
used Sencore stuff that worked well and did the job. I wasn't
sending rockets into outer space. Now I have HP scopes laying
around along with other stuff I dreamed of owning. I recently
fixed up some HP TDR units for a friend to sell on eBay. The
things cost thousands of dollars way back when they were new
but some folks still like to use them. The little chart recorders
are so cute.

TDD
OOPS! I misspoke, the TDR units were Tektronix 1502's.

TDD


It sounds like we have both may have worked on a few TV's at some
point.

I actually worked more on commercial video and audio equipment, but
there were always TV's as part of the mix, and I even went and got
licensed for consumer electronics, (Radio/TV/Antenna) even though I
really didn't need the license for what I was doing. I just figured it
was a good thing to have.


Which license did you get? Me along with a bunch of guys I knew
took a license course to help us ace our First Class FCC ticket
more than 30 years ago. We were already working on radio stations
and two way radio gear, the license just made us legal. The wacky
guy giving the course had a favorite made up word to describe any
mysterious, incomprehensible gadget. The word is "framistan" and
I've been using it ever since. I have a whole story about the
situations in which I use the word on "lay persons". *snicker*

TDD

Uh, I think Don Martin, from MAD magazine, coined that one....

I could be wrong, though.


Oh man! Did I ever love Mad Magazine, Spy vs Spy was one of
my favorite parts.

TDD

On Tue, 06 Apr 2010 15:20:26 -0500, Zootal
wrote:

(Doug Miller) wrote in
:

In article 31,
Zootal wrote:
I have a four year old Maytag Quiet Series 300 dishwasher that has
stopped working. I looked at it and found the ribbon cable to the
front control panel had burnt traces. A front control panel costs $250
or more, and there is no guarantee it didn't take the control module
out with it. Is there any hope for this thing? I'm thinking it's time
to trash it and get a new one due to the cost of replacing the control
panel.

Have you checked eBay?


Yah - the only I found for my model is $200 :-(

Sigh...4 years, time to throw it away and buy another.

Anyone care to recommend a good dishwasher?

I've had good luck and performance with Kenmore/Whirlpool and back
luck with GE and poor performance with Maytag.

On Apr 6, 10:48*pm, "JimT" wrote:
"gpsman" wrote in message

...
On Apr 6, 4:20 pm, Zootal wrote:

Anyone care to recommend a good dishwasher?

I don't believe there is more than a nickels worth of functional
difference in any like-type appliances.

A note: I recently began experiencing performance reduced from my
typical experience.

I called P&G relative to the simultaneous change in color (green/
white) of liquid Cascade™ and was told it had recently been
reformulated in compliance with federal regulations to eliminate
phosphates.

Before I removed the DW and installed another cabinet I changed the
setting to "High Temp Wash" (even though running the water at the sink
until it is hot is my SOP, and I think it's pretty hot) and
performance has been restored to its previous satisfactory level.
-----

- gpsman

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 22:27:08 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

aemeijers wrote:

Uh, I think Don Martin, from MAD magazine, coined that one....

I could be wrong, though.

Oh man! Did I ever love Mad Magazine, Spy vs Spy was one of
my favorite parts.

TDD

Jack Kamen, who was a founder and illustrator at Mad, was also the
father of Dean Kamen, the inventor of the Segway.


So that's where Dean came up with that haircut. *snicker*

TDD

On Apr 7, 12:50*pm, wrote:
On Wed, 7 Apr 2010 09:42:21 -0500, "JimT" wrote:

wrote in message
.. .
On Wed, 07 Apr 2010 08:17:07 -0400, dgk wrote:

On Tue, 06 Apr 2010 23:46:43 -0400, aemeijers
wrote:

JimT wrote:
"gpsman" wrote in message
...
On Apr 6, 4:20 pm, Zootal wrote:
Sigh...4 years, time to throw it away and buy another.

Anyone care to recommend a good dishwasher?

I don't believe there is more than a nickels worth of functional
difference in any like-type appliances.

Everybody makes a piece of **** designed only to outlive the warranty,
such as they are these days. *I think I got a whopping 90 days on this
last $2200 TV.
snip
====

My Panasonic Viera has been going strong for over 6 years now. The
picture
is as good as the day I bought it. Outlasted every TV I've ever owned.

Again, shrug. One of my Trinitrons is 12 years old, the other maybe six?
(bought it used). Both get heavy use, both still work perfectly. (Damn
Sony quality- I can't justify buying flat-screens till these die.)

At least twice a month I see old Trinitrons being offered on
Freecycle. Plenty of other perfectly good old CRTs also need new
homes.

A couple of years ago, I had a nice 27" Sony that I no longer needed.
This was probably 3 or 4 years old. I put it out at the end of my
driveway with the remote control and owners manual in a plastic bag on
top. It was gone in less than an hour, and I'm sure it made someone
very happy.

LOL...Here I can put almost anything on the curb and some moron will pick it
up. Have you ever watched that show "American Pickers"? Some people will
take just about anything.

This was actually a very nice TV. I just didn't want the bother of
trying to sell it. Probably could have gotten a couple hundred for it.

I've done the same with a few computer monitors and air conditioners.
All in good shape, but no longer needed. They disappear very fast.- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -

Right now with everyone going LCD and flat screen some are giving
perfectly good CRT TVs away, as the OP did.
For the moment we'll stick with our used TV ($25) which we fixed for
four dollars.
It it all goes digital probably just give up TV and depend on the TV
feeds we get via the internet!

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 20:24:32 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 13:56:46 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

The Daring Dufas wrote:
wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 10:40:44 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 09:49:35 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Thu, 08 Apr 2010 08:27:19 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Wed, 07 Apr 2010 23:20:22 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Wed, 07 Apr 2010 08:16:43 -0500, The Daring Dufas
wrote:

wrote:
On Tue, 06 Apr 2010 23:46:43 -0400, aemeijers

wrote:

JimT wrote:
"gpsman" wrote in message
...

On Apr 6, 4:20 pm, Zootal
wrote:
Sigh...4 years, time to throw it away and buy another.

Anyone care to recommend a good dishwasher?
I don't believe there is more than a nickels worth of
functional
difference in any like-type appliances.

Everybody makes a piece of **** designed only to outlive
the warranty,
such as they are these days. I think I got a whopping 90
days on this
last $2200 TV.
snip
====

My Panasonic Viera has been going strong for over 6 years
now. The picture is as good as the day I bought it.
Outlasted every TV I've ever owned.

Again, shrug. One of my Trinitrons is 12 years old, the
other maybe six? (bought it used). Both get heavy use, both
still work perfectly. (Damn Sony quality- I can't justify
buying flat-screens till these die.)
As someone who feels that Sony is the best TV, and a used
Sony is the
second best TV, I have to tell you that the picture on a 12
year old
Trinitron is NOTHING like the picture was when it was new.
At 6 years
the deterioration would be noticable in a side by side
comparison with
a new one.

Phosphors get tired.

Actually, it's the electron guns that get tired. Years ago
when I
was in the TV repair business, rebuilt picture tubes were a very
big business. I haven't seen a rebuilt picture tube in 20 years.
It's my understanding that the only phosphors that would be
replaced
would be those in projector tubes because of the high output. I
think there is only one picture tube rebuilding company left in
The U.S. now.

TDD
No, that is a different issue. The guns get coated, and you
can get a
little more life out of them by blowing that coating off with
a burst
of electricity to the cathodes. They call this "Picture Tube
Rejuvenation. Once you do it, you are on a short schedule for
replacement. Sometimes you could get as good a result by
tapping on
the neck of the tube to knock some of the cake off. You could
actually
see the crap flake off. They also used to sell something
called a CRT
brightner, which simply raised the voltage to the filiments.
This also
hastened ultimate failure. Often rejuvenation resulted in
immediate
failure. It's really a desperate move.

None of that will cure tired phosphors, which are simply less
reactive
then newer ones. The phosphors get tired and the picture quality
suffers.

The guns are factory coated, the blaster makes a fresh surface
because
the old surface loses efficiency. The B&W and single color tube
coating
of phosphors can be renewed from what I've read. The color
tubes have
the three different color phosphors deposited on the faceplate
before
it is welded to the glass bell which would make it unlikely to
be an
economical prospect for re-coating. I used my Sencore picture tube
tester many a time to add a little life to an old set along
with all
the little booster gadgets that were on the market 35 years
ago. I miss
those wonderful electric shocks I received from the horizontal
output
tubes when my elbow touched an anode cap. I'm much better now.
BZZZZZ!

TDD
I explained it correctly and factually.

Well tell me, what do the guns get coated with during proper
operation?
I'm always open to learning new things because regardless of what
I may
think, I don't know everything. *snicker*

Exhausted material from the cathode itself.
Often you can SEE the crap flake off of a badly encrusuted cathode if
you tap on the neck of the tub sharply with a screwdriver handle
while
the tube is in operation.

*snicker*
The tube tester had a rejuvenation function that would blast the guns
and you could see the sparkling through the neck of the picture tube.

TDD
Well, DUH, Dufas!

WTF do you think I have told you several times now?

The literature from Sencore called this exposing a fresh layer on
the emitters not blowing off deposits. Anyhoo, everyone may call
it something different.

TDD
Exposing a fresh layer by blowing off the dead stuff. Are you really
having this much trouble wrapping your head around something so
simple?

I would avoid getting too wrapped up in Sencore's "technical"
information. Sencore was sort of the "Rent to Own" of the electronics
world. Their main business was selling extremely over priced equipment
to little mom & pop repair shops who couldn't qualify for a business
loan to buy equipment. The Sencore stuff wasn't awful, but you could
get MUCH better stuff for a lot less money.


The VA-65, as an example, was an easy to use device for general
TV/video work, but couldn't even generate a genuine NTSC white window
test pattern. Unfortunately, most service manual photographs of
waveforms were made using a genuine NTSC white window pattern
generator, so comparing what was in the manuals to what you were
looking at on your Sencore was problematic.

The price of the VA-65, like all Sencore equipment, was absurd. If you
wanted one, buying from someone going out of business was the way to
go.
And scopes? You could buy 2 or 3, 100 MHz Hitachis with far better
triggering, etc, for the price of a two channel 60Mhz Sencore scope.


But Sencore had the exclusive framistan electrode analyzer for
color CRT tubes. No one else had such a product. I had new and
used Sencore stuff that worked well and did the job. I wasn't
sending rockets into outer space. Now I have HP scopes laying
around along with other stuff I dreamed of owning. I recently
fixed up some HP TDR units for a friend to sell on eBay. The
things cost thousands of dollars way back when they were new
but some folks still like to use them. The little chart recorders
are so cute.

TDD
OOPS! I misspoke, the TDR units were Tektronix 1502's.

TDD

It sounds like we have both may have worked on a few TV's at some
point.

I actually worked more on commercial video and audio equipment, but
there were always TV's as part of the mix, and I even went and got
licensed for consumer electronics, (Radio/TV/Antenna) even though I
really didn't need the license for what I was doing. I just figured it
was a good thing to have.

Which license did you get? Me along with a bunch of guys I knew
took a license course to help us ace our First Class FCC ticket
more than 30 years ago. We were already working on radio stations
and two way radio gear, the license just made us legal. The wacky
guy giving the course had a favorite made up word to describe any
mysterious, incomprehensible gadget. The word is "framistan" and
I've been using it ever since. I have a whole story about the
situations in which I use the word on "lay persons". *snicker*

TDD

It's basically my state's version of a CET. Covers me as a tech and
also as a dealer who employs techs. I think the test was written
during either the Truman or Eisenhower administrations. If you didn't
grow up working on tube equipment, the test would be a bit if a
challenge. I hear they bought an updated test about 15 years ago that
doesn't treat transistors as "new-fangled".


My late paternal great uncle was an army lifer and was in the
Army Signal Corp since they used two tin cans and a string. I
got a lot of stuff from the crusty old master sergeant. You can
imagine the tube stuff I got to play with as a kid. It's fun
to fool around with tube gear every now and then but DANG it's
gotten expensive. I remember when a horizontal output transistor
was $35.00 and the tube was $5.00. Now the same transistor costs
$1.00 or less and the darn tube is $50.00. At least the tube type
equipment will work after an EM pulse.

TDD