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Something I always wondered about...
There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about...
I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! Geez. Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet d) or something else entirely. It just strikes me as odd. I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? Last edited by nestork : December 20th 12 at 04:47 AM |
#2
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Something I always wondered about...
"nestork" wrote in message ... There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! Geez. Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet d) or something else entirely. It just strikes me as odd. I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? ALL of a), b), c) and more More powder is used, higher pressures are achieved I think you need to re-shape your question to make it obvious The amount of pressure you build behind the projectile defines the amount of force exerted on it. The weight of the projectile affects how much resistance to acceleration the projectile has The length of the barrel affects how long that force is applied The weight of the projectile affects how long that force is applied to it. It's a dynamic equation that allows for creative adjustment of how big, how heavy both the gun and the projectile can be and will be. |
#3
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Something I always wondered about...
nestork wrote:
There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! Geez. Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet d) or something else entirely. It just strikes me as odd. I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? All of the above-- I was on an mountain along the coast of Vietnam in 69. Naval Gunfire used to go overhead on its way to the highlands. holy crap! Never had the pleasure of seeing one up close-- but the projectile supposedly weighed in similar to a Volkswagen [bug? van?] 20 miles is pretty good-- but the German long guns of WWI could shoot as far as 75 miles-- Google the 'Paris Gun'. Jim |
#4
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Something I always wondered about...
On Dec 20, 12:46*pm, Jim Elbrecht wrote:
nestork wrote: There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! *Geez. *Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet d) or something else entirely. It just strikes me as odd. *I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. *So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? *Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? All of the above-- *I was on an mountain along the coast of Vietnam in 69. * * Naval Gunfire used to go overhead on its way to the highlands.. holy crap! * * * Never had the pleasure of seeing one up close-- but the projectile supposedly weighed in similar to a Volkswagen [bug? van?] 20 miles is pretty good-- but the German long guns of WWI could shoot as far as 75 miles-- Google the 'Paris Gun'. Jim There are theorotical limitations on how far any simple gun can fire. The longest range gun was the V3 cannon (Tausendfuss) with mulitple charges. Range of over 100miles. German, designed to bombard London from France http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-3_cannon I was bombed by the RAF using blockbuster bombs and put out of action before it could be used. But you can go and see what's left of it. |
#5
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Something I always wondered about...
"harry" wrote in message
... There are theorotical limitations on how far any simple gun can fire. The longest range gun was the V3 cannon (Tausendfuss) with mulitple charges. Range of over 100miles. German, designed to bombard London from France http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-3_cannon I was bombed by the RAF using blockbuster bombs and put out of action before it could be used. But you can go and see what's left of it. The largest cannon I have ever heard of was Gerald Bull's HARP on the island of Barbados in the 1960s, constructed from two USN battleship gun barrels fitted end to end: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_...search_Program The original HARP idea (approx. 1960) was that it would be cheaper to launch satellites (then usually orbiting at 100 to 500 miles altitude) from reuseable guns rather than rockets expended in use: but Bull never got into orbit, (The maximum altitude mentioned here is 66 km.) Bull was a fascinating individual, the youngest Toronto PhD ever (at 21) in his day, employed as a military researcher by the Canadian Defence Research Board, funded partly by the US Army gun research branch, and eased out because he seemed more interested in space research than weapons. Twenty years later he was active in 105 mm. artillery and ammunition supply, eventually assassinated in mysterious circumstances. -- Don Phillipson Carlsbad Springs (Ottawa, Canada) |
#6
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Something I always wondered about...
On Dec 20, 4:58*pm, "Don Phillipson" wrote:
"harry" wrote in message ... There are theorotical limitations on how far any simple gun can fire. The longest range gun was the V3 cannon (Tausendfuss) with mulitple charges. Range of over 100miles. German, designed to bombard London from France *http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-3_cannon I was bombed by the RAF using blockbuster bombs and put out of action before it could be used. *But you can go and see what's left of it. The largest cannon I have ever heard of was Gerald Bull's HARP on the island of Barbados in the 1960s, constructed from two USN battleship gun barrels fitted end to end:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_...search_Program The original HARP idea (approx. 1960) was that it would be cheaper to launch satellites (then usually orbiting at 100 to 500 miles altitude) from reuseable guns rather than rockets expended in use: *but Bull never got into orbit, (The maximum altitude mentioned here is 66 km.) Bull was a fascinating individual, the youngest Toronto PhD ever (at 21) in his day, employed as a military researcher by the Canadian Defence Research Board, funded partly by the US Army gun research branch, and eased out because he seemed more interested in space research than weapons. * Twenty years later he was active in 105 mm. artillery and ammunition supply, eventually assassinated in mysterious circumstances. -- Don Phillipson Carlsbad Springs (Ottawa, Canada) Interesting story that. I read somewhere that the idea of a satellite gun is not actually possible. There is a top limit to muzzle velocity that cannot be exceeded and is not sufficient to launch a satellite. Though a rail gun might. |
#7
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Something I always wondered about...
On Fri, 21 Dec 2012 00:01:28 -0800 (PST), harry
wrote: On Dec 20, 4:58*pm, "Don Phillipson" wrote: "harry" wrote in message ... There are theorotical limitations on how far any simple gun can fire. The longest range gun was the V3 cannon (Tausendfuss) with mulitple charges. Range of over 100miles. German, designed to bombard London from France *http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-3_cannon I was bombed by the RAF using blockbuster bombs and put out of action before it could be used. *But you can go and see what's left of it. The largest cannon I have ever heard of was Gerald Bull's HARP on the island of Barbados in the 1960s, constructed from two USN battleship gun barrels fitted end to end:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_...search_Program The original HARP idea (approx. 1960) was that it would be cheaper to launch satellites (then usually orbiting at 100 to 500 miles altitude) from reuseable guns rather than rockets expended in use: *but Bull never got into orbit, (The maximum altitude mentioned here is 66 km.) Bull was a fascinating individual, the youngest Toronto PhD ever (at 21) in his day, employed as a military researcher by the Canadian Defence Research Board, funded partly by the US Army gun research branch, and eased out because he seemed more interested in space research than weapons. * Twenty years later he was active in 105 mm. artillery and ammunition supply, eventually assassinated in mysterious circumstances. -- Don Phillipson Carlsbad Springs (Ottawa, Canada) Interesting story that. I read somewhere that the idea of a satellite gun is not actually possible. There is a top limit to muzzle velocity that cannot be exceeded and is not sufficient to launch a satellite. Though a rail gun might. A satellite gun isn't possible, even if you could get enough velocity. An orbit must include the point of the last change in velocity. In the case of a bullet, it's at the end of the barrel so the orbit would include this point. The next orbit the would be satellite would intersect the ground somewhere next to the gun (where the gun was). |
#8
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Something I always wondered about...
"Jim Elbrecht" wrote in message
20 miles is pretty good-- but the German long guns of WWI could shoot as far as 75 miles-- Google the 'Paris Gun'. Pippa Middleton Involved In Paris Gun Scandal http://www.cinemablend.com/pop/Pippa...dal-41456.html Oh, you meant this Paris Gun People who like The Paris Gun also like Rudolf Wiebe, Boo Hooray, Tom & Foley Not many people have scrobbled The Paris Gun recently. http://www.last.fm/music/The+Paris+Gun (Sorry, couldn't resist!) What is "scrobbling" you might ask? Scrobbling a song means that when you listen to it, the name of the song is sent to Last.fm and added to your music profile. I think I've got it! (-: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Gun As a military weapon, the Paris Gun was not a great success: the payload was minuscule, the barrel required frequent replacement and its accuracy was only good enough for city-sized targets . . . The gun was capable of hurling a 94 kilogram (210 lb) shell to a range of 130 kilometers (81 mi) and a maximum altitude of 40 kilometers (25 miles, 131,000 ft) - the greatest height reached by a human-made projectile until the first successful V-2 flight test in October 1942. At the start of its 170-second trajectory, each shell from the Paris Gun reached a speed of 1,600 meters per second (5,250 ft/s) . . . Since it was based on a naval weapon, the gun was manned by a crew of 80 Imperial Navy sailors under the command of Vice-Admiral Rogge, chief of the Ordnance branch of the Admiralty. It was surrounded by several batteries of standard army artillery to create a "noise-screen" chorus around the big gun so that it could not be located by French and British spotters . . . The projectile reached so high that it was the first human-made object to reach the stratosphere . . . The Paris gun was used to shell Paris at a range of 120 km (75 mi). The distance was so far that the Coriolis effect - the rotation of the Earth - was substantial enough to affect trajectory calculations. Fascinating! -- Bobby G. |
#9
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Something I always wondered about...
"Robert Green" wrote:
"Jim Elbrecht" wrote in message 20 miles is pretty good-- but the German long guns of WWI could shoot as far as 75 miles-- Google the 'Paris Gun'. -snip- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Gun As a military weapon, the Paris Gun was not a great success: the payload was minuscule, the barrel required frequent replacement and its accuracy was only good enough for city-sized targets . . . The gun was capable of It is kind of like the recent rockets from Gaza-- Militarily, not so significant-- but the Palestinians called them a victory because of their longer range. more of Israel needs to be aware of them, now. Jim |
#10
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Something I always wondered about...
"Jim Elbrecht" wrote in message
"Robert Green" wrote: "Jim Elbrecht" wrote in message stuff snipped As a military weapon, the Paris Gun was not a great success: the payload was minuscule, the barrel required frequent replacement and its accuracy was only good enough for city-sized targets It is kind of like the recent rockets from Gaza-- Militarily, not so significant-- but the Palestinians called them a victory because of their longer range. more of Israel needs to be aware of them, now. It's too bad that Palestinians don't understand that the rocket attacks hurt them and their quest for nationhood more than they hurt Israel. Still, the German V1 and V2 rockets had a significant psychological effect on the British during WWII, although many historians say it only strengthened their resolve to fight back. If the German atomic research had come to fruition, the V2's lack of pinpoint accuracy wouldn't have been much of an issue. I've often wondered how effective the Israeli blockade has been because it hasn't seemed to stop the flow of Iranian-made weapons into the Gaza Strip. Based on what's happening now, I don't see a good future for anyone in that part of the world. It would be ironic if the cradle of civilization turned out to be its grave, too. I fear that once the US has mostly withdrawn from the area, Islamic terrorist will re-focus their attacks on Israel. I've always though Israel should have been carved out of Germany after WWII as a perpetual reminder of the cost of genocide both to the perpetrators and the victims. -- Bobby G. |
#11
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Something I always wondered about...
"Robert Green" wrote in news:kb4n8n$c0c$1@dont-
email.me: It's too bad that Palestinians don't understand that the rocket attacks hurt them and their quest for nationhood more than they hurt Israel. Still, the German V1 and V2 rockets had a significant psychological effect on the British during WWII, although many historians say it only strengthened their resolve to fight back. If the German atomic research had come to fruition, the V2's lack of pinpoint accuracy wouldn't have been much of an issue. An interesting perspective on the German atomic research program is provided by the book "Heisenberg's War". Werner Heisenberg, who was in charge of that research program, was a patriotic German but not a Nazi -- and, fully aware of the possibility of creating an atomic bomb, was horrified by the prospect of putting such a weapon in Hitler's hands... and apparently, he deliberately sandbagged the program. Another interesting factoid related to WWII nuclear weapons research is that the intended target for the first American bomb wasn't Hiroshima. It was Berlin. But the Germans surrendered before we had the bomb ready. |
#12
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Something I always wondered about...
nestork wrote:
I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, Somewhere between a mile and a 3 1/2 miles. http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2002/...toniadis.shtml -- dadiOH ____________________________ Winters getting colder? Tired of the rat race? Maybe just ready for a change? Check it out... http://www.floridaloghouse.net |
#13
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Something I always wondered about...
dadiOH wrote: nestork wrote: I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, Somewhere between a mile and a 3 1/2 miles. http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2002/...toniadis.shtml Hi, During my time in 'Nam in the mid-late --60's I used to visit Marine sniper school, there I witnessed instructor one of original sniper during WW2 hitting at a target 500 meters away, he was aiming it at higher angle pretty well into the air. Canuck JTF sniper in Afghanistan confirmed kill at more that 2000yards. All law of simple physics. Read about Dr Bull who was assassinated by Israeli rumor was he tried to build monster canons for Saddam Hussein. Same as long range missiles. |
#14
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Something I always wondered about...
On Dec 20, 2:28*pm, Tony Hwang wrote:
dadiOH wrote: nestork wrote: I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, Somewhere between a mile and a 3 1/2 miles. http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2002/...toniadis.shtml Hi, During my time in 'Nam in the mid-late --60's I used to visit Marine sniper school, there I witnessed instructor one of original sniper during WW2 hitting at a target 500 meters away, he was aiming it at higher angle pretty well into the air. *Canuck JTF sniper in Afghanistan confirmed kill at more that 2000yards. All law of simple physics. Read about Dr Bull who was assassinated by Israeli rumor was he tried to build monster canons for Saddam Hussein. Same as long range missiles. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest....29_or_greater |
#15
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Something I always wondered about...
nestork wrote in news:nestork.b187e08
@diybanter.com: There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, A *lot* farther than you think it will. :-) Read on. but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! Geez. Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. No, it isn't. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, No. It is more powerful, but that's not the reason for the extremely long range. b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, Yes -- but if you do the same thing with a rifle, you'll get the same result: greatly increased range, compared to firing it with the barrel horizontal. c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet No. The muzzle velocity on those guns is in the neighborhood of 800 m/s, which is actually 15-20% *lower* than that of many common hunting rounds (e.g. typical muzzle velocity for a 30-.06 is around 880 m/s). d) or something else entirely. Yes -- because the battleship shells are so large, they are less affected by air resistance than are rifle bullets. I have a .243 rifle which fires an 85-grain round at a muzzle velocity of about 1000m/s. A quick back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that -- in the absence of air resistance -- if the barrel is elevated at an angle of 45 degrees, the bullet will travel over 100 kilometers before striking the ground. Obviously that won't happen, because it *is* subject to air resistance. While the battleship shell is subject to the same air resistance forces as the bullet, the magnitude of those forces in proportion to a 1200-kilogram shell is obviously much smaller than in proportion to a 6-gram bullet, and hence their effect on the trajectory of the shell is correspondingly much smaller. It just strikes me as odd. I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. No, actually, it's not -- the ratio is a *lot* *higher* for a typical hunting rifle than it is for those cannons. http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_16-50_mk7.htm With an 800-inch barrel and a 64-inch projectile, the cannons have a ratio similar to that of most *pistols*. So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? It *doesn't* have "20 times the range." What makes you think that a rifle can shoot only one mile? Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, It's not. or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet It doesn't. and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? It doesn't. It's all about angle of elevation, and the fact that battleship shells weigh two hundred thousand times as much as rifle bullets and consequently aren't affected nearly as much by air resistance. |
#16
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Something I always wondered about...
On Dec 20, 7:37*am, Doug Miller
wrote: nestork wrote in news:nestork.b187e08 @diybanter.com: There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, A *lot* farther than you think it will. :-) Read on. but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! *Geez. *Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. No, it isn't. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, No. It is more powerful, but that's not the reason for the extremely long range. b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, Yes -- but if you do the same thing with a rifle, you'll get the same result: greatly increased range, compared to firing it with the barrel horizontal. c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet No. The muzzle velocity on those guns is in the neighborhood of 800 m/s, which is actually 15-20% *lower* than that of many common hunting rounds (e.g. typical muzzle velocity for a 30-.06 is around 880 m/s). d) or something else entirely. Yes -- because the battleship shells are so large, they are less affected by air resistance than are rifle bullets. I have a .243 rifle which fires an 85-grain round at a muzzle velocity of about 1000m/s. A quick back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that -- in the absence of air resistance -- if the barrel is elevated at an angle of 45 degrees, the bullet will travel over 100 kilometers before striking the ground. Obviously that won't happen, because it *is* subject to air resistance. While the battleship shell is subject to the same air resistance forces as the bullet, the magnitude of those forces in proportion to a 1200-kilogram shell is obviously much smaller than in proportion to a 6-gram bullet, and hence their effect on the trajectory of the shell is correspondingly much smaller. It just strikes me as odd. *I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. No, actually, it's not -- the ratio is a *lot* *higher* for a typical hunting rifle than it is for those cannons.http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_16-50_mk7.htm With an 800-inch barrel and a 64-inch projectile, the cannons have a ratio similar to that of most *pistols*. So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? It *doesn't* have "20 times the range." What makes you think that a rifle can shoot only one mile? Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, It's not. or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet It doesn't. and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? It doesn't. It's all about angle of elevation, and the fact that battleship shells weigh two hundred thousand times as much as rifle bullets and consequently aren't affected nearly as much by air resistance. If the cannonball is larger, it must be more affected by air resistance so something is wrong with your conclusions. Now, if the ratio of diameter to weight is different, then maybe what is postulated could be true. |
#18
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Something I always wondered about...
nestork wrote:
There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! Geez. Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet d) or something else entirely. It just strikes me as odd. I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? Here's a bullets journal, taken from a Jack Reacher novel: First thing out of the barrel of Reacher's Barrett was a blast of hot gas. The powder in the cartridge exploded in a fraction of a millionth of a second and expanded to a super-heated bubble. That bubble of gas hurled the bullet down the barrel and forced ahead of it and around it to explode out into the atmosphere. Most of it was smashed sideways by the muzzle brake in a perfectly balanced radial pattern, like a doughnut, so that the recoil moved the barrel straight back against Reacher's shoulder without deflecting it either sideways or up or down. Meanwhile, behind it, the bullet was starting to spin inside the barrel as the rifling grooves grabbed at it. Then the gas ahead of the bullet was heating the oxygen in the air to the point where the air caught fire. There was a brief flash of flame and the bullet burst out through the exact center of it, spearing through the burned air at nineteen hundred miles an hour. A thousandth of a second later, it was six feet away, and its sound was bravely chasing after it, three times slower. The bullet took five hundredths of a second to cross the [parade ground], by which time the sound of its shot had just passed Reacher's ears and cleared the ridge of the roof. The bullet had a hand-polished copper jacket and it was flying straight and true, but by the time it had passed soundlessly over McGrath's head it had slowed a little. And the air was moving it. It was moving it right to left as the gentle mountain breeze tugged imperceptibly at it. Half a second into its travel, the bullet had covered thirteen hundred feet and it had moved seven inches to the left. And it had dropped seven inches. Gravity had pulled it in. The more gravity pulled, the more the bullet slowed. The more it slowed, the more gravity deflected it. It speared onward in a perfect graceful curve. A whole second after leaving the barrel, it was nine hundred yards into its journey. Way past McGrath's running figure, but still over the trees, still three hundred yards short of its target. Another sixth of a second later, it was clear of the trees and alongside the office building. Now it was a slow bullet. It had pulled four feet left and five feet down. It passed well clear of Holly and was twenty feet past her before she heard the hiss in the air. The sound of the shot was still to come. Reacher's bullet hit Borken in the head a full second and a third after he fired it. It entered the front of his forehead and was out of the back of his skull three ten-thousandths of a second later. In and out without really slowing much more at all, because Borken's skull and brains were nothing to a two-ounce lead projectile with a needle point and a polished metal jacket. The bullet was well over the endless forest beyond before the pressure wave built up in Borken's skull and exploded it. Reacher was watching it through his scope. Heart in his mouth. A full second and a third is a long time to wait. He watched Borken's skull explode like it had been burst from the inside with a sledgehammer. It came apart like a diagram. Reacher saw curved shards of bone bursting outward and red mist blooming. |
#19
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Something I always wondered about...
"HeyBub" wrote in
m: Here's a bullets journal, taken from a Jack Reacher novel: [snip] And it had dropped seven inches. Gravity had pulled it in. The more gravity pulled, the more the bullet slowed. Ummmm, no. Gravity does *not* cause the bullet's horizontal velocity to decrease. The more it slowed, the more gravity deflected it. Ummmm, no. The longer it was in flight, the more gravity deflected it. Vertical motion due to gravity depends only on the length of time that it's been in motion, and is *not* affected in the least by horizontal velocity. A bullet fired from a gun parallel to the ground, and a bullet *dropped* from the same height, will strike the ground at the same instant. |
#20
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Something I always wondered about...
On Dec 20, 4:23*pm, Doug Miller
wrote: "HeyBub" wrote innews:3oudnenLALdLv07NnZ2dnUVZ_qadnZ2d@earthlink. com: Here's a bullets journal, taken from a Jack Reacher novel: [snip] And it had dropped seven inches. Gravity had pulled it in. The more gravity pulled, the more the bullet slowed. Ummmm, no. Gravity does *not* cause the bullet's horizontal velocity to decrease. The more it slowed, the more gravity deflected it. Ummmm, no. The longer it was in flight, the more gravity deflected it. Vertical motion due to gravity depends only on the length of time that it's been in motion, and is *not* affected in the least by horizontal velocity. A bullet fired from a gun parallel to the ground, and a bullet *dropped* from the same height, will strike the ground at the same instant. |
#21
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Something I always wondered about...
On Thu, 20 Dec 2012 16:23:12 +0000 (UTC), Doug Miller
wrote: "HeyBub" wrote in om: Here's a bullets journal, taken from a Jack Reacher novel: [snip] And it had dropped seven inches. Gravity had pulled it in. The more gravity pulled, the more the bullet slowed. Ummmm, no. Gravity does *not* cause the bullet's horizontal velocity to decrease. The more it slowed, the more gravity deflected it. Ummmm, no. The longer it was in flight, the more gravity deflected it. Vertical motion due to gravity depends only on the length of time that it's been in motion, and is *not* affected in the least by horizontal velocity. A bullet fired from a gun parallel to the ground, and a bullet *dropped* from the same height, will strike the ground at the same instant. Hey, you spoiled the story! Read your example above of how gravity works on a bullet many years ago, and never saw a better one since. Because no more need be said. |
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OK, I read through all the posts. Thanks guys.
I guess the analogy between throwing a ping pong ball and throwing a golf ball speaks loudest to me. Both would start out with the same initial velocity and both would encounter the same amount of air resistance, but the smaller mass of the ping pong ball would be more affected by that air resistance, and slow down much faster. BUT, if that's true, then it would also apply to objects smaller than a bullet. I'm thinking that there are different size pellets in shot gun shells. Some shot gun shells have lots of tiny pellets, whereas other have a fewer number of large pellets. In both cases, however, the pellets are made of lead (I think) and so the difference in density between the pellets and the surrounding air would be identical. Does anyone know if the shells with fewer large pellets have a longer range than those with lots of small pellets? If air resistance is the key, then it would stand to reason that they would. Larger, heavier pellets should be less affected by air resistance, and therefore slow down less and travel further. Last edited by nestork : December 20th 12 at 10:10 PM |
#23
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Something I always wondered about...
nestork wrote in news:nestork.b197b28
@diybanter.com: OK, I read through all the posts. Thanks guys. I guess the analogy between throwing a ping pong ball and throwing a golf ball speaks loudest to me. Both would start out with the same initial velocity and both would encounter the same amount of air resistance, but the smaller mass of the ping pong ball would be more affected by that air resistance, and slow down much faster. BUT, if that's true, then it would also apply to objects smaller than a bullet. I'm thinking that there are different size pellets in shot gun shells. Correct. Different sizes for different purposes. Some shot gun shells have lots of tiny pellets, whereas other have a fewer number of large pellets. In both cases, however, the pellets are made of lead (I think) Depends on what you're hunting. The ammunition used for squirrel, rabbit, grouse, pheasant, or dove is normally lead pellets, whereas non-toxic shot (steel or copper, for instance) is required when hunting waterfowl. and so the difference in density between the pellets and the surrounding air would be identical. Does anyone know if the shells with fewer large pellets have a longer range than those with lots of small pellets? Indeed they do. If air resistance is the key, then it would stand to reason that they would. Larger, heavier pellets should be less affected by air resistance, and therefore slow down less and travel further. That is exactly what happens. |
#24
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Something I always wondered about...
On Dec 20, 10:05*pm, nestork wrote:
OK, I read through all the posts. *Thanks guys. I guess the analogy between throwing a ping pong ball and throwing a golf ball speaks loudest to me. *Both would start out with the same initial velocity and both would encounter the same amount of air resistance, but the smaller mass of the ping pong ball would be more affected by that air resistance, and slow down much faster. BUT, if that's true, then it would also apply to objects smaller than a bullet. *I'm thinking that there are different size pellets in shot gun shells. *Some shot gun shells have lots of tiny pellets, whereas other have a fewer number of large pellets. *In both cases, however, the pellets are made of lead (I think) and so the difference in density between the pellets and the surrounding air would be identical. *Does anyone know if the shells with fewer large pellets have a longer range than those with lots of small pellets? *If air resistance is the key, then it would stand to reason that they would. *Larger, heavier pellets should be less affected by air resistance, and therefore slow down less and travel further. -- nestork This is the reason why depleted uranium is used in projectiles. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deplete...ium#Ammunition |
#25
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Something I always wondered about...
On Dec 20, 2:39*pm, "HeyBub" wrote:
nestork wrote: There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... I don't know how far a regular pistol or rifle will shoot, but this web site about the battleship USS Missouri (which is the one that McArther accepted the Japanese surrender on at the end of WWII) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63) states as follows: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! *Geez. *Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. Is that because: a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, b) or is it because the battleship's cannons are pointed upward to maximize range, c) or is it that the cannon's barrel is longer so the power in the explosion acts on the projectile for a longer period of time, thereby accelerating the shell more than a bullet d) or something else entirely. It just strikes me as odd. *I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. *So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? *Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? Here's a bullets journal, taken from a Jack Reacher novel: First thing out of the barrel of Reacher's Barrett was a blast of hot gas.. The powder in the cartridge exploded in a fraction of a millionth of a second and expanded to a super-heated bubble. That bubble of gas hurled the bullet down the barrel and forced ahead of it and around it to explode out into the atmosphere. Most of it was smashed sideways by the muzzle brake in a perfectly balanced radial pattern, like a doughnut, so that the recoil moved the barrel straight back against Reacher's shoulder without deflecting it either sideways or up or down. Meanwhile, behind it, the bullet was starting to spin inside the barrel as the rifling grooves grabbed at it. Then the gas ahead of the bullet was heating the oxygen in the air to the point where the air caught fire. There was a brief flash of flame and the bullet burst out through the exact center of it, spearing through the burned air at nineteen hundred miles an hour. A thousandth of a second later, it was six feet away, and its sound was bravely chasing after it, three times slower. The bullet took five hundredths of a second to cross the [parade ground], by which time the sound of its shot had just passed Reacher's ears and cleared the ridge of the roof. The bullet had a hand-polished copper jacket and it was flying straight and true, but by the time it had passed soundlessly over McGrath's head it had slowed a little. And the air was moving it. It was moving it right to left as the gentle mountain breeze tugged imperceptibly at it. Half a second into its travel, the bullet had covered thirteen hundred feet and it had moved seven inches to the left. And it had dropped seven inches. Gravity had pulled it in. The more gravity pulled, the more the bullet slowed. The more it slowed, the more gravity deflected it. It speared onward in a perfect graceful curve. A whole second after leaving the barrel, it was nine hundred yards into its journey. Way past McGrath's running figure, but still over the trees, still three hundred yards short of its target. Another sixth of a second later, it was clear of the trees and alongside the office building. Now it was a slow bullet. It had pulled four feet left and five feet down. It passed well clear of Holly and was twenty feet past her before she heard the hiss in the air. The sound of the shot was still to come. Reacher's bullet hit Borken in the head a full second and a third after he fired it. It entered the front of his forehead and was out of the back of his skull three ten-thousandths of a second later. In and out without really slowing much more at all, because Borken's skull and brains were nothing to a two-ounce lead projectile with a needle point and a polished metal jacket. The bullet was well over the endless forest beyond before the pressure wave built up in Borken's skull and exploded it. Reacher was watching it through his scope. Heart in his mouth. A full second and a third is a long time to wait. He watched Borken's skull explode like it had been burst from the inside with a sledgehammer. It came apart like a diagram. Reacher saw curved shards of bone bursting outward and red mist blooming. What a load of crap. And air doesn't burn. |
#26
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Something I always wondered about...
On 12/20/2012 9:39 AM, HeyBub wrote:
Reacher was watching it through his scope. Heart in his mouth. A full second and a third is a long time to wait. He watched Borken's skull explode like it had been burst from the inside with a sledgehammer. It came apart like a diagram. Reacher saw curved shards of bone bursting outward and red mist blooming. It certainly is a fanciful "heybub" style story but rather inaccurate. |
#27
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FAIL: Post without rational subject line (was: Something I alwayswondered about...)
Nestork wrote a post without making coherent use of the subject line.
Nestork's post - FAIL. |
#28
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Something I always wondered about...
"nestork" wrote in message ... There's been a lot of talk about guns in here lately, and there's something I've always wondered about... It just strikes me as odd. I'm thinking that the ratio of lengths between a bullet in a rifle barrel and a shell in a cannon barrel would probably be pretty similar. So, what accounts for the cannon having 20 times the range? Is it just that the gunpowder used in the cannon is 20 times as powerful as than that used in bullets, or is it that the shell stays in it's barrel 20 times longer than a bullet and therefore receives 20 times as much of a push? It all has to do with the mass (weight) of the bullet. The battle ship guns and rifles shoot the bullets at about the same speed. Simple example is to take a ping pong ball and throw it. Then take a pool ball and throw it. You can throw each one about the same speed. Because the pool ball is heavier, it travels the most. You can also take a grain of sand and the pool ball. This may be more of the relationship of the cannon and rifle. The sand grain will not travel as far. It is too light. It is small enough the air resistance is very much less than the pool ball so that takes the air resistance out of the picture. Hand gun bullets have about 1/3 the speed of the other bullets. This is mainly because of the barrel length. Gunpowder can only burn so fast and the gun can only take so much pressure. Even if the handgun could be made strong enough to handle the pressusre, it would be so heavy that no one would want to carry it around. It would also have so much recoil that it would hirt too much to shoot it. |
#29
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Something I always wondered about...
"nestork" wrote a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, The powder was special, and they used a pile of it about the size of a VW beetle. Steve |
#30
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Something I always wondered about...
On Thu, 20 Dec 2012 10:26:58 -0700, "Steve B"
wrote: "nestork" wrote a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, The powder was special, and they used a pile of it about the size of a VW beetle. Steve The powder is special, but not a pile that size :-\ Related story of howitzer powder. "NEW ORLEANS – State police say they have begun a criminal investigation of a northwestern Louisiana company after finding about 6 million pounds of explosive material stored illegally on the site of a former Army munitions plant. "...Capt. Doug Cain, a state police spokesman, identified the product as M6 propellant, used in howitzers and other artillery. The pellets are largely compressed nitrocellulose, also known as guncotton. http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/12/03/louisiana-town-evacuated-after-police-find-6-million-pounds-illegally-stored/#ixzz2E0pWCWzI BANG |
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Harry:
"This is the reason why depleted uranium is used in projectiles." I wondered about that, too, and now it makes sense from an air resistance point of view. Instead of making the projectile bigger to have more mass, just make the projectile out of a denser material. Oren: Thanks for sharing that link to those pictures with us. What surprises me is that no one working behind that gun is wearing any hearing protection! I would have expected that anyone not wearing hearing protection in the turret when a gun like that fires would blow out their ear drums and lose 100% of their hearing instantaneously and permanently. I kinda doubt they took off their hearing protection just to take those pictures. Or, maybe it's not actually all that loud in there? Those two big cylinders on the top of the breach... Are they like giant shock absorbers? When I've seen movies and TV shows showing modern cannons behing fired, something jerks back and then more slowly slides forward again (if I recall correctly) after each firing. I always presumed the whole idea behind that is to use a shock absorber to reduce the peak stress the steel holding that cannon together and in place has to bear. Kinda like the rubber shoulder pad at the butt end of a rifle; allowing the barrel to move backward as the bullet shoots forward might sacrifice a bit of muzzle velocity, but it makes holding the butt end of the rifle against your shoulder "bearable" when you pull the trigger. Last edited by nestork : December 22nd 12 at 06:49 AM |
#32
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Something I always wondered about...
On Sat, 22 Dec 2012 05:43:44 +0000, nestork
wrote: Harry: "This is the reason why depleted uranium is used in projectiles." I wondered about that, too, and now it makes sense from an air resistance point of view. Instead of making the projectile bigger to have more mass, just make the projectile out of a denser material. Oren: Thanks for sharing that link to those pictures with us. What surprises me is that no one working behind that gun is wearing any hearing protection! I would have expected that anyone not wearing hearing protection in the turret when a gun like that fires would blow out their ear drums and lose 100% of their hearing instantaneously and permanently. I kinda doubt they took off their hearing protection just to take those pictures. Or, maybe it's not actually all that loud in there? Those two big cylinders on the top of the breach... Are they like giant shock absorbers? When I've seen movies and TV shows showing modern cannons behing fired, something jerks back and then more slowly slides forward again (if I recall correctly) after each firing. I always presumed the whole idea behind that is to use a shock absorber to reduce the peak stress the steel holding that cannon together and in place has to bear. Kinda like the rubber shoulder pad at the butt end of a rifle; allowing the barrel to move backward as the bullet shoots forward might sacrifice a bit of muzzle velocity, but it makes holding the butt end of the rifle against your shoulder "bearable" when you pull the trigger. The two cylinders above the breech reduce the recall of the barrel tube. They are filled with hydraulic fluid. Otherwise, the barrel would hyper-extend to far back and cause damage. At least this is the purpose on 8" guns I'm familiar with. You can see the recoil in this howitzer at 1:49 in this video. (notice the cylinders). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naLdUA7QRNE |
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Thanks for the explanation, Oren, but I'm on dial-up and watching a video for me is like watching grass grow.
With my telephone system and my ISP's Dial-up service, I typically have a download speed of anywhere from 1000 to 4000 bits per second, or up to about 500 bytes per second. So, downloading even a small 1 megabyte freeware program from Cnet or PCWorld will take me half an hour. A 10 megabyte video will tie up my phone line for the biggest hunk of the day. Some day I'll get high speed internet and watch that You Tube video. In the turret behind an 8 inch gun, is it ear-poppingly loud when the gun fires, or can you load and fire the gun without hearing protection? If there are 8 inch howitzers or "cannons on wheels", do the guys operating them wear hearing protection? Last edited by nestork : December 23rd 12 at 05:23 PM |
#34
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Something I always wondered about...
On 12/21/2012 5:26 PM, Oren wrote:
On Thu, 20 Dec 2012 10:26:58 -0700, "Steve B" wrote: "nestork" wrote a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, The powder was special, and they used a pile of it about the size of a VW beetle. Steve The powder is special, but not a pile that size :-\ Related story of howitzer powder. "NEW ORLEANS – State police say they have begun a criminal investigation of a northwestern Louisiana company after finding about 6 million pounds of explosive material stored illegally on the site of a former Army munitions plant. "...Capt. Doug Cain, a state police spokesman, identified the product as M6 propellant, used in howitzers and other artillery. The pellets are largely compressed nitrocellulose, also known as guncotton. http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/12/03/louisiana-town-evacuated-after-police-find-6-million-pounds-illegally-stored/#ixzz2E0pWCWzI BANG When I was a young mad scientist growing up on the farm, I had a chemistry set and of course I had to make some gun cotton. When it was set on fire it just burned very fast in open air but when packed in a closed container and set off it would explode. I can imagine that the M6 Propellant will burn rather than explode if unconfined, it would be quite a fire. O_o TDD |
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Something I always wondered about...
On Fri, 21 Dec 2012 20:09:34 -0600, The Daring Dufas
wrote: On 12/21/2012 5:26 PM, Oren wrote: On Thu, 20 Dec 2012 10:26:58 -0700, "Steve B" wrote: "nestork" wrote a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, The powder was special, and they used a pile of it about the size of a VW beetle. Steve The powder is special, but not a pile that size :-\ Related story of howitzer powder. "NEW ORLEANS – State police say they have begun a criminal investigation of a northwestern Louisiana company after finding about 6 million pounds of explosive material stored illegally on the site of a former Army munitions plant. "...Capt. Doug Cain, a state police spokesman, identified the product as M6 propellant, used in howitzers and other artillery. The pellets are largely compressed nitrocellulose, also known as guncotton. http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/12/03/louisiana-town-evacuated-after-police-find-6-million-pounds-illegally-stored/#ixzz2E0pWCWzI BANG When I was a young mad scientist growing up on the farm, I had a chemistry set and of course I had to make some gun cotton. When it was set on fire it just burned very fast in open air but when packed in a closed container and set off it would explode. I can imagine that the M6 Propellant will burn rather than explode if unconfined, it would be quite a fire. O_o TDD I'd like to see 6 million pounds of it burn. What a sight. |
#36
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Something I always wondered about...
On 12/21/2012 8:57 PM, Oren wrote:
On Fri, 21 Dec 2012 20:09:34 -0600, The Daring Dufas wrote: On 12/21/2012 5:26 PM, Oren wrote: On Thu, 20 Dec 2012 10:26:58 -0700, "Steve B" wrote: "nestork" wrote a) the gunpowder used in those cannons is more powerful than the stuff used in regular bullets, The powder was special, and they used a pile of it about the size of a VW beetle. Steve The powder is special, but not a pile that size :-\ Related story of howitzer powder. "NEW ORLEANS – State police say they have begun a criminal investigation of a northwestern Louisiana company after finding about 6 million pounds of explosive material stored illegally on the site of a former Army munitions plant. "...Capt. Doug Cain, a state police spokesman, identified the product as M6 propellant, used in howitzers and other artillery. The pellets are largely compressed nitrocellulose, also known as guncotton. http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/12/03/louisiana-town-evacuated-after-police-find-6-million-pounds-illegally-stored/#ixzz2E0pWCWzI BANG When I was a young mad scientist growing up on the farm, I had a chemistry set and of course I had to make some gun cotton. When it was set on fire it just burned very fast in open air but when packed in a closed container and set off it would explode. I can imagine that the M6 Propellant will burn rather than explode if unconfined, it would be quite a fire. O_o TDD I'd like to see 6 million pounds of it burn. What a sight. But you always have to remember what happened to the crew in the gun turret of the battleship USS Iowa. O_o TDD |
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Something I always wondered about...
On Thu, 20 Dec 2012 04:08:02 +0000, nestork
wrote: "Missouri's main battery consisted of nine 16 in (406 mm)/50 cal Mark 7 guns, which could fire 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) armor-piercing shells some 20 mi (32.2 km)." 20 miles! Geez. Obviously, that's a lot farther than any rifle or pistol will shoot. Some photos inside the Mark 7 16-inch/50-caliber gun turret. - Breech - Projectiles - Silk Propellant/ Black Powder bags (page bottom) http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/weaps/mk-7.htm |
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