Harry K writes:

In the 19th century petroleum was distilled for kerosene lamp oil. They
threw out the gasoline (!) from the process, as there was no use for it
prior to the invention of the internal combustion engine

Except that gasoline was used for the pump up lanterns.

Except they weren't invented until close to the 20th century:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/munwai/history.htm