I started a reglazing job, some spot work, and painting. I already
pulled 2 windows out and painted them. I'm getting the glazing compound
tomorrow. But I can't leave the windows out for a week while the
glazing cures, I don't have the room to store them. And if I do 2 at a
time, it will take months.

Why would you want to do that? The putty/glazing compound
isn't what keeps the glass in, the glazing points do that.
Just stick in the glass, push in the points, putty,
paint, and re-mount the sashes as soon as the paint dries.

My family is pushing me to use white silicone instead since the windows
are painted white, and just put them back in immediately. They said if
the window gets broken, the silicone comes off with the glass and you
just scrape it off the wood. (I know it's not that easy). Getting the
windows out was a pain, so putting them back in, then removing to paint
later is not the ideal thing..

I know Silicone is a bad idea, getting that stuff off is a real pain,
but it's quick fix. What should I do? Thanks..

Use DAP glazing compound. You know you want to.

--Goedjn