I'm sure this question comes up often, but I have a bit of twist on it.

My house was built in 1950. I purchased it in 1971.

When I looked at the wiring, I knew nothing of electrial boxes and
actually didn't even think to ask where it was. I was satisfied
though, because I noticed that all the power recepticals were of the
three-prong type, which indicated to me a grounded system.

It wasn't until a couple of years later, when painting and taking off
the face plate, did I discover that the wiring was only two conductor
Romax, with the two prong sockets removed and the three prong, with the
ground installed.--but it the ground went nowhere. Every outlet, is
fake as far as grounding goes. I was/am very unhappy about this.

Financially, I can't afford to rewire the house, although it
desperately needs it. Since finding the "no ground" ground, I've
found copper wire, spliced to aliminum, no consistent color scheme for
hot, neutral. The circuit breaker panel appears to have been hacked
into the wall, which is on the stairs and hidden behind the stairway
door when it is opened. The panel is completely exposed. EMF fields
are strong. I can't tell the amps of the breakers, but I know if I run
the microwave and an electric mixer at the same time in the kitchen,
withing five minutes, the breker trips. There is no Master Disconnect.
When the refridgerator kicks on or the washing machine is turned on
(they are on different breakers) the house lights flicker, some of the
electrical outlets in the basement are in the ceiling (I don't think
they could get a box into the concret foundation. In the upstairs,
there are a few recepticals on interior walls which have been plastered
in--no attention to whether there was a stud anywhere. Along the
perimeter walls, which are made of plaster, over metal lathe, over
cinder block and an outside brick veneer, evidently, holes were cut
into the cinder block for the outlet box and the box and wire,
plastered into the wall. Oh, the downstairs wiring, which is in the
ceiling, when I did work there, saw that the wiring is stapled to the
joists--so fishing something through would be very difficult with
staples holding the wiring in place.

1st question is what would you do? --I know, move out; burn the house
down, blow it up, take a very large backhoe to it and start over.

How this passed code, even back in 1950, is beyond me. Except people
around here said that the contractor and building inspector had a
"special" relationship.

Is there anyway at all to ground anything, without spending a fortune.

Can something be done with GFP that would help?

I have tools that I need to use outside. They are not double
insulated. The warning is written over and over, do not use a ground
lifter--this equipment MUST be attached to a properly grounded outlet.

Could I for the outside outlets, drive a copper rod into the ground,
attach a thick copper braid (strap) to it and attach that to the metal
of the box that the socket is in (or to the box then from there use 10
AWG to the Ground of the socket) and have a good, workable, safe
ground?

Years ago, I used to be an amateur radio operator. To ground my
equipment, I drove a 10' copper rod into the ground, attached a 1" wide
copper Strap, brought that into the room, attached it to a heavy metal
box and ran ground wires from that to my equipent --instead of trying
to ground the electrical boxes, I grounded the equipment.

This actually worked. When lightining struck my antenna, all it did
was come down the heavy coax, jump the gap of a lightining arrestor
that led directly to the ground and the strikes never got to my
equipment --except for the one time when a storm was coming, I had
unhooked the antenna and was preparing to put it directly to
ground--ground cable in left hand, antenna coax in right and WHAM! a
lightning strike that knocked me across the room. (Boy was that fun).

So, would some kind of copper grounding rod and strap to an outside
metal box work. And as I mentioned would I gain anything by putting in
GPFs, although there would be no ground to them?

--I know, I know. It's my fault for not having an electrician inspect
the house before I bought it, but I was young, trusting, and saw the
three prong outlets.

Any helpfull ideas will be appreciated and if you want to laugh at me,
go ahead, I deserve it--but now, what can we do to fix it?

Thanks,
Bob

that leaves me open to all kinds of wise-cracks, but take it seriously.
I don't have the money to tear out the ceiling, basement walls,
upstairs cinder block and stucco walls, rip out all the wiring and have
someone do it right.

.. It is completely exposed at all

On 22 Oct 2006 23:09:56 -0700, "stars1234"
wrote:

I'm sure this question comes up often, but I have a bit of twist on it.

My house was built in 1950. I purchased it in 1971.

When I looked at the wiring, I knew nothing of electrial boxes and
actually didn't even think to ask where it was. I was satisfied
though, because I noticed that all the power recepticals were of the
three-prong type, which indicated to me a grounded system.

It wasn't until a couple of years later, when painting and taking off
the face plate, did I discover that the wiring was only two conductor
Romax, with the two prong sockets removed and the three prong, with the
ground installed.--but it the ground went nowhere. Every outlet, is
fake as far as grounding goes. I was/am very unhappy about this.

Financially, I can't afford to rewire the house, although it
desperately needs it. Since finding the "no ground" ground, I've
found copper wire, spliced to aliminum, no consistent color scheme for
hot, neutral. The circuit breaker panel appears to have been hacked
into the wall, which is on the stairs and hidden behind the stairway
door when it is opened. The panel is completely exposed. EMF fields
are strong. I can't tell the amps of the breakers, but I know if I run
the microwave and an electric mixer at the same time in the kitchen,
withing five minutes, the breker trips. There is no Master Disconnect.
When the refridgerator kicks on or the washing machine is turned on
(they are on different breakers) the house lights flicker, some of the
electrical outlets in the basement are in the ceiling (I don't think
they could get a box into the concret foundation. In the upstairs,
there are a few recepticals on interior walls which have been plastered
in--no attention to whether there was a stud anywhere. Along the
perimeter walls, which are made of plaster, over metal lathe, over
cinder block and an outside brick veneer, evidently, holes were cut
into the cinder block for the outlet box and the box and wire,
plastered into the wall. Oh, the downstairs wiring, which is in the
ceiling, when I did work there, saw that the wiring is stapled to the
joists--so fishing something through would be very difficult with
staples holding the wiring in place.

1st question is what would you do? --I know, move out; burn the house
down, blow it up, take a very large backhoe to it and start over.

How this passed code, even back in 1950, is beyond me. Except people
around here said that the contractor and building inspector had a
"special" relationship.

Is there anyway at all to ground anything, without spending a fortune.

Can something be done with GFP that would help?

I have tools that I need to use outside. They are not double
insulated. The warning is written over and over, do not use a ground
lifter--this equipment MUST be attached to a properly grounded outlet.

Could I for the outside outlets, drive a copper rod into the ground,
attach a thick copper braid (strap) to it and attach that to the metal
of the box that the socket is in (or to the box then from there use 10
AWG to the Ground of the socket) and have a good, workable, safe
ground?

Years ago, I used to be an amateur radio operator. To ground my
equipment, I drove a 10' copper rod into the ground, attached a 1" wide
copper Strap, brought that into the room, attached it to a heavy metal
box and ran ground wires from that to my equipent --instead of trying
to ground the electrical boxes, I grounded the equipment.

This actually worked. When lightining struck my antenna, all it did
was come down the heavy coax, jump the gap of a lightining arrestor
that led directly to the ground and the strikes never got to my
equipment --except for the one time when a storm was coming, I had
unhooked the antenna and was preparing to put it directly to
ground--ground cable in left hand, antenna coax in right and WHAM! a
lightning strike that knocked me across the room. (Boy was that fun).

So, would some kind of copper grounding rod and strap to an outside
metal box work. And as I mentioned would I gain anything by putting in
GPFs, although there would be no ground to them?

--I know, I know. It's my fault for not having an electrician inspect
the house before I bought it, but I was young, trusting, and saw the
three prong outlets.

Any helpfull ideas will be appreciated and if you want to laugh at me,
go ahead, I deserve it--but now, what can we do to fix it?

Thanks,
Bob

that leaves me open to all kinds of wise-cracks, but take it seriously.
I don't have the money to tear out the ceiling, basement walls,
upstairs cinder block and stucco walls, rip out all the wiring and have
someone do it right.

. It is completely exposed at all

I would calmly and carefully begin to fix each code violation as time
and finances permitted. After all, you've been living there for over
30 years without getting fried or burning down the house so the hazard
is obviously not an immediate one, especially now that you know the
potential hazards of using those outdoor tools.

I don't think grounded outlets were even available back in 1950, so
their improper installation was probably done by a subsequent owner or
not so good do-it-yourselfer... What is odd is that I've never seen
Romex used in houses back in 1950, metal covered BX was the standard
then. I wonder if the whole house was rewired by some do-it-yourselfer
at a later date. I'd be curious and check to see if there is a date
code on that Romex - there often is.

Ground fault outlets will give you much of the protection of a
grounded outlet without the rewiring costs. They will give you a
measure of safety while using those outdoor power tools.

BTW, I'm also an amateur radio operator.
I directly gound my antenna system with a heavy ceramic knife switch
to outside ground rods during lightning conditions using #2 gauge wire
less than 8 ft long. Of course, nothing gives absolute protection from
a direct lightning strike... I'm mainly interested in getting an
excellent RF gound.


Doug

I don't think grounded outlets were even available back in 1950, so
their improper installation was probably done by a subsequent owner or
not so good do-it-yourselfer... What is odd is that I've never seen
Romex used in houses back in 1950, metal covered BX was the standard
then. I wonder if the whole house was rewired by some do-it-yourselfer
at a later date. I'd be curious and check to see if there is a date
code on that Romex - there often is.

I lived in a house built in 1947, my father purchased it in 1950, and the
wiring was done with old style Romex. The black tar coated cable with the
outer braid over 2 kraft paper wrapped insulated wires with no ground.
Non-metallic cable was made and used back then.

EXT wrote:

I don't think grounded outlets were even available back in 1950, so
their improper installation was probably done by a subsequent owner or
not so good do-it-yourselfer... What is odd is that I've never seen
Romex used in houses back in 1950, metal covered BX was the standard
then. I wonder if the whole house was rewired by some do-it-yourselfer
at a later date. I'd be curious and check to see if there is a date
code on that Romex - there often is.

I lived in a house built in 1947, my father purchased it in 1950, and the
wiring was done with old style Romex. The black tar coated cable with the
outer braid over 2 kraft paper wrapped insulated wires with no ground.
Non-metallic cable was made and used back then.

Yes, I can attest to that. In 1953, there were two kinds of Romex on the market: one had a white,
chalky outer cover with paper wrapped TW conductors, and the other had a kind of silver black
coating that flaked off when installing it. The flaky stuff would get into your skin. Both types,
at that time, were ungrounded Romex, and where there was an outlet near a water pipe, or other such
plumbing, or grounded surface, a separate ground wire, from a spool of #14 bare wire, was installed
from the outlet box to the nearest cold water pipe and fastened to a strap around the pipe. Maybe
you could find a spool of such bare wire and go ahead and run some grounds to your outlets.

Yes, I can attest to that. In 1953, there were two kinds of Romex on the
market: one had a white,
chalky outer cover with paper wrapped TW conductors, and the other had a
kind of silver black
coating that flaked off when installing it. The flaky stuff would get
into your skin. Both types,
at that time, were ungrounded Romex, and where there was an outlet near a
water pipe, or other such
plumbing, or grounded surface, a separate ground wire, from a spool of #14
bare wire, was installed
from the outlet box to the nearest cold water pipe and fastened to a strap
around the pipe. Maybe
you could find a spool of such bare wire and go ahead and run some grounds
to your outlets.

I would not count on such a "make shift" group for protection against shock.
Rather I would have a GFCI on each outlet or each circuit. A water pipe
ground would be OK for a ground for a radio receiver but for a "safety"
ground it's not "gud enuf." If you have a short you could end up with
"hot" water pipes and the break or fuse still letting power through.

John Gilmer wrote:

Yes, I can attest to that. In 1953, there were two kinds of Romex on the
market: one had a white,
chalky outer cover with paper wrapped TW conductors, and the other had a
kind of silver black
coating that flaked off when installing it. The flaky stuff would get
into your skin. Both types,
at that time, were ungrounded Romex, and where there was an outlet near a
water pipe, or other such
plumbing, or grounded surface, a separate ground wire, from a spool of #14
bare wire, was installed
from the outlet box to the nearest cold water pipe and fastened to a strap
around the pipe. Maybe
you could find a spool of such bare wire and go ahead and run some grounds
to your outlets.

I would not count on such a "make shift" group for protection against shock.
Rather I would have a GFCI on each outlet or each circuit. A water pipe
ground would be OK for a ground for a radio receiver but for a "safety"
ground it's not "gud enuf." If you have a short you could end up with
"hot" water pipes and the break or fuse still letting power through.

Yes, I wouldn't recommend fastening the modern grounds to a water pipe nearby for the reason you
have mentioned. Somewhere down the line, somebody just might do some plumbing remodeling and put in
some plastic pipe instead, and the "ground" would, therefore, be lost. I was just recalling what
was done in the 50's. I would still recommend finding a spool of bare ground wire and fishing it
into the walls to the metal outlet boxes and then fastening the ends to a mainliner ground and
returning this to the panel for a good system ground. This way the original wiring wouldn't have to
be replaced. And if some connections were found to be aluminum to copper, they should have the
NO-OX compound put on them and then connected together.

I don't know what part of the country you're in, but _I've_ never seen metal
covered cable in ANY house of any age. All the old houses I've been in or
dealt with have been cloth Romex. (not Romax)

--
Steve Barker



"Doug" wrote in message
...
What is odd is that I've never seen
Romex used in houses back in 1950, metal covered BX was the standard
then. I wonder if the whole house was rewired by some do-it-yourselfer
at a later date. I'd be curious and check to see if there is a date
code on that Romex - there often is.


Doug

Steve Barker LT wrote:
I don't know what part of the country you're in, but _I've_ never seen metal
covered cable in ANY house of any age. All the old houses I've been in or
dealt with have been cloth Romex. (not Romax)



bx.......

On 22 Oct 2006 23:09:56 -0700, "stars1234"
wrote:

I'm sure this question comes up often, but I have a bit of twist on it.

My house was built in 1950. I purchased it in 1971.

When I looked at the wiring, I knew nothing of electrial boxes and
actually didn't even think to ask where it was. I was satisfied
though, because I noticed that all the power recepticals were of the
three-prong type, which indicated to me a grounded system.

It wasn't until a couple of years later, when painting and taking off
the face plate, did I discover that the wiring was only two conductor
Romax, with the two prong sockets removed and the three prong, with the
ground installed.--but it the ground went nowhere. Every outlet, is
fake as far as grounding goes. I was/am very unhappy about this.

Financially, I can't afford to rewire the house, although it
desperately needs it. Since finding the "no ground" ground, I've
found copper wire, spliced to aliminum, no consistent color scheme for
hot, neutral. The circuit breaker panel appears to have been hacked
into the wall, which is on the stairs and hidden behind the stairway
door when it is opened. The panel is completely exposed. EMF fields
are strong. I can't tell the amps of the breakers, but I know if I run
the microwave and an electric mixer at the same time in the kitchen,
withing five minutes, the breker trips. There is no Master Disconnect.
When the refridgerator kicks on or the washing machine is turned on
(they are on different breakers) the house lights flicker, some of the
electrical outlets in the basement are in the ceiling (I don't think
they could get a box into the concret foundation. In the upstairs,
there are a few recepticals on interior walls which have been plastered
in--no attention to whether there was a stud anywhere. Along the
perimeter walls, which are made of plaster, over metal lathe, over
cinder block and an outside brick veneer, evidently, holes were cut
into the cinder block for the outlet box and the box and wire,
plastered into the wall. Oh, the downstairs wiring, which is in the
ceiling, when I did work there, saw that the wiring is stapled to the
joists--so fishing something through would be very difficult with
staples holding the wiring in place.

1st question is what would you do? --I know, move out; burn the house
down, blow it up, take a very large backhoe to it and start over.

How this passed code, even back in 1950, is beyond me. Except people
around here said that the contractor and building inspector had a
"special" relationship.

Is there anyway at all to ground anything, without spending a fortune.

Can something be done with GFP that would help?

I have tools that I need to use outside. They are not double
insulated. The warning is written over and over, do not use a ground
lifter--this equipment MUST be attached to a properly grounded outlet.

Could I for the outside outlets, drive a copper rod into the ground,
attach a thick copper braid (strap) to it and attach that to the metal
of the box that the socket is in (or to the box then from there use 10
AWG to the Ground of the socket) and have a good, workable, safe
ground?

Years ago, I used to be an amateur radio operator. To ground my
equipment, I drove a 10' copper rod into the ground, attached a 1" wide
copper Strap, brought that into the room, attached it to a heavy metal
box and ran ground wires from that to my equipent --instead of trying
to ground the electrical boxes, I grounded the equipment.

This actually worked. When lightining struck my antenna, all it did
was come down the heavy coax, jump the gap of a lightining arrestor
that led directly to the ground and the strikes never got to my
equipment --except for the one time when a storm was coming, I had
unhooked the antenna and was preparing to put it directly to
ground--ground cable in left hand, antenna coax in right and WHAM! a
lightning strike that knocked me across the room. (Boy was that fun).

So, would some kind of copper grounding rod and strap to an outside
metal box work. And as I mentioned would I gain anything by putting in
GPFs, although there would be no ground to them?

--I know, I know. It's my fault for not having an electrician inspect
the house before I bought it, but I was young, trusting, and saw the
three prong outlets.

Any helpfull ideas will be appreciated and if you want to laugh at me,
go ahead, I deserve it--but now, what can we do to fix it?

Thanks,
Bob

that leaves me open to all kinds of wise-cracks, but take it seriously.
I don't have the money to tear out the ceiling, basement walls,
upstairs cinder block and stucco walls, rip out all the wiring and have
someone do it right.

. It is completely exposed at all

How many people were killed over the last 40 years?

Ok, multiply that by how much money you should spend to fix the
'problem'.

stars1234 wrote:
I'm sure this question comes up often, but I have a bit of twist on it.

My house was built in 1950. I purchased it in 1971.

When I looked at the wiring, I knew nothing of electrial boxes and
actually didn't even think to ask where it was. I was satisfied
though, because I noticed that all the power recepticals were of the
three-prong type, which indicated to me a grounded system.

It wasn't until a couple of years later, when painting and taking off
the face plate, did I discover that the wiring was only two conductor
Romax, with the two prong sockets removed and the three prong, with the
ground installed.--but it the ground went nowhere. Every outlet, is
fake as far as grounding goes. I was/am very unhappy about this.

I just asked a very similar question a week ago or so; some good ideas
he

http://groups.google.com/group/alt.h...4499988c880ae3

HTH

nate

Get electrician to look at your home, its free and there may be good
ideas like what you think is romex is BX I can easily add grounds to
your outlets cheap

Go buy a outlet tester they are about 5 bucks check your outlets to see
if they are grounded. What I wrote above probably applies to you!

At minimium get a grounded outlet installed in a handy location with
GFCI for outdoor use.........Its a first ste in making things safe

Put a gfci on the first outlet of every string, if you can't determine
the first outlet, they make[expensive]gfci breakers.


The power company will usually upgrade the wire from the pole to the
house for free. That may solve the dimming problem.

Upgrading the breaker panel to a new 100 amp service is not crushingly
expensive, and would be a start.




wrote:
Get electrician to look at your home, its free and there may be good
ideas like what you think is romex is BX I can easily add grounds to
your outlets cheap

Go buy a outlet tester they are about 5 bucks check your outlets to see
if they are grounded. What I wrote above probably applies to you!

At minimium get a grounded outlet installed in a handy location with
GFCI for outdoor use.........Its a first ste in making things safe

It wasn't until a couple of years later, when painting and taking off
the face plate, did I discover that the wiring was only two conductor
Romax, with the two prong sockets removed and the three prong, with the
ground installed.--but it the ground went nowhere.

Tee hee.

Buy yourself a bunch of GFCI outlets. When you can identify which outlet
comes first, put the GFCI in the upstream outlet and feed the others from
that. Otherwise, install the GFCIs to replace the "ground" type duplex
outlet.

If you carefully read the instructions of the GFCI you will see this is
perfectly permitted. Since you don't have a ground, you should label each
outlet as "ungrounded, GFCI protected." For safety sake, you should test
your new outlets monthly using the built in test button.

It's good to have the narrow slot connected to the HOT and the wide slot
connected to the neutral but a GFCI opens both conductors when something
goes wrong so don't lose too much sleep if HOT and NEUTRAL were reversed.

Obviously, you home wiring is obsolete and you should have a long term plan
to improve it. But adding the GFCIs will make your wiring reasonably safe.
They only cost about $9 each or less at your BIG BOX store.

I have tools that I need to use outside. They are not double
insulated. The warning is written over and over, do not use a ground
lifter--this equipment MUST be attached to a properly grounded outlet.

Could I for the outside outlets, drive a copper rod into the ground,
attach a thick copper braid (strap) to it and attach that to the metal
of the box that the socket is in (or to the box then from there use 10
AWG to the Ground of the socket) and have a good, workable, safe
ground?


You would be better off installing a new circut,
even if it's just one outlet stuck in the
wall below the service panel, that's 20A and
grounded, and then running a heavy-duty extension
cord outside when you want to use the tools.

As for the rest your electrical system, I'd say
you need to either start budgeting for a complete
tear-out and re-do, or learn to live a
a low-power lifestyle.

I haven't read any of the responses you received so i may be
repetitive.

I purchased a house in 1971 and had it inspected. It had knob
and tube wiring! I got a $4,000 discount because of that, did
most of the rewiring myself, prearranged to pay a contractor
to review my work in stages, and be there for the building
inspector. Of course I had the contractor pull the permit
after he was satisfied, I knew what I was doing. Saved a
hell of a lot of money.

I learned Electricity and Electronics in the Navy. When the
job was finished, the contractor offered me a job, but I
thanked him and told him I only did manual labor for myself.

If you had the house inspected in 1971, you might have learned
about the problems. I know of two homes that burned down from
interior wall fires due to aluminum wiring.

Dick

Dick Adams wrote:
I haven't read any of the responses you received so i may be
repetitive.

I purchased a house in 1971 and had it inspected. It had knob
and tube wiring! I got a $4,000 discount because of that, did
most of the rewiring myself, prearranged to pay a contractor
to review my work in stages, and be there for the building
inspector. Of course I had the contractor pull the permit
after he was satisfied, I knew what I was doing. Saved a
hell of a lot of money.

I learned Electricity and Electronics in the Navy. When the
job was finished, the contractor offered me a job, but I
thanked him and told him I only did manual labor for myself.

If you had the house inspected in 1971, you might have learned
about the problems. I know of two homes that burned down from
interior wall fires due to aluminum wiring.

Dick

yeah, my problem with the computers, et al. could very likely be the
wiring. My VOM tells me that the AC is 125 instead of 120 or 110.
don't have an osciliscope to look for spikes but I bet they are all
over. --do I have to get that AC down to at least 120? I assume the
125 (I've measure it with three different VOMs is because my house is
the 1st on the power line transformer?

My best bet then is to go out and buy a bunch of 20 amp GFCI from
Harbor Freight? --will they work without being grounded?

I hope the GFCIs will protect me at least to the point of a fault and
subsequent shock, not kill me.

Do I need one--at the head outlet (if I can find it--suggestions as how
to do that?) or replace everyt receptical throught the house and mark
them, ungrounded?

The GFprotectors at Harbor Freight are $6 for a 20 amp . Is that a
good price or should I go to Lowes/Home Depot and get cartons of them?

For an actual outside ground that I could bring inside, I'd have to
drive a rod into the ground. Then attack copperbraid to it and bring
it inside to a terminal from which I can, with wire, connect that to
the circuit box. (At least that's how it was done many years ago, when
a single room on the house where I grew up was rewired. Here though,
about all it will do is ground the panel.)

Using a cold water pipe, I don't think will work. Correct me if I am
wrong.
As soon as it goes out of the house, it connects to the city mains by
plastic pipe.

What's the best way to get a copy of the code for my city, without
raising any questions as to what I am doing?


Bob





Dick Adams wrote:
I haven't read any of the responses you received so i may be
repetitive.

I purchased a house in 1971 and had it inspected. It had knob
and tube wiring! I got a $4,000 discount because of that, did
most of the rewiring myself, prearranged to pay a contractor
to review my work in stages, and be there for the building
inspector. Of course I had the contractor pull the permit
after he was satisfied, I knew what I was doing. Saved a
hell of a lot of money.

I learned Electricity and Electronics in the Navy. When the
job was finished, the contractor offered me a job, but I
thanked him and told him I only did manual labor for myself.

If you had the house inspected in 1971, you might have learned
about the problems. I know of two homes that burned down from
interior wall fires due to aluminum wiring.

Dick

My best bet then is to go out and buy a bunch of 20 amp GFCI from
Harbor Freight? --will they work without being grounded?

Yes. You are supposed to label the outlets as not being grounded but the
label, obviously, doesn't protect anyone.


I hope the GFCIs will protect me at least to the point of a fault and
subsequent shock, not kill me.

Do I need one--at the head outlet (if I can find it--suggestions as how
to do that?) or replace everyt receptical throught the house and mark
them, ungrounded?

Well, you can start at the "head" and find out what outlets go out when you
"test." If you have a few places where you might EXPECT faults you might
want to have a separate GFCI there even if you have to put some others on
the "string."

Remember that most of your real loads are just two wires. Whether the
outlet (or the house) as a good ground just doesn't make any difference.


The GFprotectors at Harbor Freight are $6 for a 20 amp . Is that a
good price or should I go to Lowes/Home Depot and get cartons of them?

That's pretty good.

For an actual outside ground that I could bring inside, I'd have to
drive a rod into the ground. Then attack copperbraid to it and bring
it inside to a terminal from which I can, with wire, connect that to
the circuit box. (At least that's how it was done many years ago, when
a single room on the house where I grew up was rewired. Here though,
about all it will do is ground the panel.)

There SHOULD be a ground at the meter and/or the service entrace. At this
point neutral is bonded to ground.

You find the "ground" that was bonded with the neutral at the service
entrance or meter box and you make damn sure you bond any "extra" grounds
(water pipe, extra rods) to that "official" ground.

Using a cold water pipe, I don't think will work. Correct me if I am
wrong.
As soon as it goes out of the house, it connects to the city mains by
plastic pipe.

Duh!


What's the best way to get a copy of the code for my city, without
raising any questions as to what I am doing?

Unless it's a very small town, you just go to where the permits are issued
and ask. You don't need a reason: it should be a public document.

Yeah, off to get GFCI, now just have to decided between 15 or 20 amps.
I see at the panel both kind of breakers.

My father-in-law, a retired electrician who wired large warehouses and
the like, just cursed and cursed as he worked--finally giving up on
some things.

The panel he put in is a 100 amp with a main. Can I count on that to
kill the power to the breaker box if I'm going to be fooling around in
it trying to establish a ground?

In looking at the power meters, I can see no sign of a
ground--anywhere. They must have used water pipe? I see a stranded,
heavy wire that goes to the meter, but don't know if that's supposed to
be a ground/neutral or just there to hold up the other two wires.

Yeah--duh!
All the water pipe in the house is no longer grounded--some since it
ran into PVC was never grounded.
The reason for using plastic (PVC or whatever it's called) to the city
mains is because the hard water here eats real pipe like it was candy.
People with metal pipe have to replace it every five years or so.
Those with PVC seems to last 10-15. So all the plumbers put in that in
this area.


John Gilmer wrote:
My best bet then is to go out and buy a bunch of 20 amp GFCI from
Harbor Freight? --will they work without being grounded?

Yes. You are supposed to label the outlets as not being grounded but the
label, obviously, doesn't protect anyone.


I hope the GFCIs will protect me at least to the point of a fault and
subsequent shock, not kill me.

Do I need one--at the head outlet (if I can find it--suggestions as how
to do that?) or replace everyt receptical throught the house and mark
them, ungrounded?

Well, you can start at the "head" and find out what outlets go out when you
"test." If you have a few places where you might EXPECT faults you might
want to have a separate GFCI there even if you have to put some others on
the "string."

Remember that most of your real loads are just two wires. Whether the
outlet (or the house) as a good ground just doesn't make any difference.


The GFprotectors at Harbor Freight are $6 for a 20 amp . Is that a
good price or should I go to Lowes/Home Depot and get cartons of them?

That's pretty good.

For an actual outside ground that I could bring inside, I'd have to
drive a rod into the ground. Then attack copperbraid to it and bring
it inside to a terminal from which I can, with wire, connect that to
the circuit box. (At least that's how it was done many years ago, when
a single room on the house where I grew up was rewired. Here though,
about all it will do is ground the panel.)

There SHOULD be a ground at the meter and/or the service entrace. At this
point neutral is bonded to ground.

You find the "ground" that was bonded with the neutral at the service
entrance or meter box and you make damn sure you bond any "extra" grounds
(water pipe, extra rods) to that "official" ground.

Using a cold water pipe, I don't think will work. Correct me if I am
wrong.
As soon as it goes out of the house, it connects to the city mains by
plastic pipe.

Duh!


What's the best way to get a copy of the code for my city, without
raising any questions as to what I am doing?

Unless it's a very small town, you just go to where the permits are issued
and ask. You don't need a reason: it should be a public document.