I live in NE Ohio and I patched three baseball size areas on my patio where
the winter had "spaulded" the concrete. The concrete patch matches the
original concrete pretty well except when it rains, then the patched areas
do not turn dark like the rest of the patio cement which turns dark with
when water hits it, so in effect the patched areas look bright white! Is
there any way to fix/cover these patched areas? Thanks!

There's probably an acrylic additive in the patch which helps with adhesion
but limits the water absorption when it rains. Count your blessings that you
actually have few enough problems that this concerns you.
Correct. Just live with it.