On Fri, 19 Feb 2016 18:50:39 +1100, Chris Jones wrote:

Connect a load resistor across the battery and measure the voltage
across the resistor with the battery under load. Don't do it for too
long or it will make the battery go flat, obviously.

The appropriate load resistor depends on the size of battery. I would
suggest maybe 0.5 Ohm or 1 Ohm for an AA.

For an AA cell you could also achieve a similar measurement result using
an ammeter provided you know its characteristics (burden resistance and
lead resistance, any fuses that are likely to melt).

You could also zip through them unloaded with a DVM and 'whitelist' any
that show 1.6V or so, then use the resistor method on the rest. That's
how I'd do it, anyway.