Chief McGee wrote:

This was mentioned a few days ago but would someone please clarify it for
me.
I am installing 3-ph to the shop. It is 200A delta wound, 2
transformers on pole, 3 hot wires 1 neutral from pole, ground rod driven
into the dirt and hooked to the neutral buss bar. Drawing with the meter
box shows the neutral wire coming from the middle of one side of the
triangle that forms the delta. Is this what is called "center tapped"?

That side of the triangle, with the center tap, is identical to standard
120/240
single-phase service. The two hots are 2 of your 3 phase line
terminals, as well.
The additional transformer provices the 3rd phase line terminal.

I think I want to run 5 wires to each machine. 3 hots, 1 neutral, and
one ground from the machine base all the way back to the neutral buss bar in
the sub panel. Is this right?

Yes, that sounds right, so you can have 120 at each machine location.
The safety
ground should actually have a separate ground bus bar in the panel, but some
installations don't separate the neutral and the ground.

I also want to have a 120 outlet and 120 work light on each machine. AT
THE MACHINE, I am going to pick one of the hot legs(NOT the power/stinger
leg) and the neutral. Will connect the ground leg in the light to the base
of the machine. Is this right or do I have to go all the way to the sub
panel with the wires?

Mostly. It seems OK to me to use the same ground conductor for the machine
AND the light/socket. But, you can't use ANY line terminal for the 120!
You must use one of the two that are on the center-tapped side. Going from
Neutral to the 3rd line terminal will give you roughly 208 V, as this is not
a center-grounded (balanced) Wye system.

Next, I have a 5-hp 220V single phase air compressor. For that I
think I need only 4 wires. 2 hots(NOT the power leg) 1 neutral, and one
ground from chassis all the way back to the neutral buss bar in the sub
panel. Is this correct?

Maybe. If it is entirely 220, including the contactor/motor starter,
you only
need 3 wires. Any two hots (but, maybe best to run it off the extra
transformer)
to reduce load on the center-tapped one that is going to get a lot of
single-phase loads.
Just be sure to get it across one of the transformers. IE, if the tapped
transformer
is supplying phases A and B, and the extra transformer is wired from B to C,
don't connect the compressor from A to C. This L-L circuit will have more
variation from 240 than the other 2 possible connections. If you need 120 V
there for the contactor, then use A-B, and run the neutral as well.

I want this to be safe and legal. Thanks for your time, Chief.

I believe the recent NEC has changed requirements, and grounding through the
conduit alone is no longer permitted.

Jon