On May 5, 2:35 pm, bud-- wrote:
The IEEE guide is aimed at "electricians, architects, technicians, and
electrical engineers who were not protection specialists."

IEEE and NIST state fundamental facts. Industry standard facts and
embarrassing questions.that Bud will ignore to lie and to promote plug-
in protector sales:

1) How does that plug-in protector provide protection without the
'always necessary' earth ground? What does a protector do? Bud
provides only two citations. Both disagree with his claims. The NIST
bluntly defines what a protector must do - Page 6:
You cannot really suppress a surge altogether, nor
"arrest" it. What these protective devices do is
neither suppress nor arrest a surge, but simply
divert it to ground, where it can do no harm.

Bud says his plug-in protectors somehow suppress or arrest surges.
Somehow, 'clamping to nothing' means that surge energy disappears?
Somehow protectors can work without earthing? NIST citation further
contradicts Bud on Page 17:
A very important point to keep in mind is that your
surge protector will work by diverting the surges to
ground. The best surge protection in the world can
be useless if grounding is not done properly.

2) Bud not only denies this also so important single point earth
ground. He also ignores what happens when a protector is too far from
earth and too close to appliances. Page 42 Figure 8: the surge
earthed 8000 volts destructively through appliances. This is the
second point from his citations that Bud must ignore.

3) So if a plug-in protector is effective protection, then
manufacturer specs will list each type of surge and protection from
that surge. Bud never provides that spec either. Why? Plug-in
protectors don't claim to protect from the type of surge that
typically causes damage. Not one plug-in protector manufacturer will
claim that protection - made obvious because Bud will not post those
specs and ignored over 400 requests for those specs.

4) No earth ground means no effective protection. A protector is
only as effective as its earth ground. Another reality that Bud must
ignore to post incessantly.

None of this is new. It is again posted because Bud continuously
ignores that even his own citations contradict him. Meanwhile w_tom
has provided many tens of professional citations that also contradict
Bud; that define how effective protection is routinely installed where
direct lightning strikes must not cause damage. We install effective
protection for lightning so that all other (and lesser) surges are
also made irrelevant. Surge protection is so routine for the past 100
years as to be traceable to human failure. Even the protector must
remain functional after a surge.