On Jul 20, 4:34 am, "Michael A. Terrell"
wrote:
You are the one who ignores that a piece of wire has resistance,
inductance, and capacitance between conductors that affect the waveform
of any pulse on a power line. This properties, along with the MOV limit
the COMMON MODE voltage between line and neutral. The impulse will also
lift the ground conductor above zero volts, it is anywhere near the
source.

First, wire parameters were never ignored. As Michael knows, those
parameters were discussed extensively. Wire inductance is why each
incoming utility wire must make a 'less than 10 foot' earthing
connection. Wire impedance is why plug-in protectors have all but no
earth ground - therefore not effective protectors. Michael read a
classic example where voltage between a plug-in protectors and the
breaker box earth ground could be something less than 13,000 volts
potential difference during a trivial 100 amp surge. Just another
reason why Page 42 Figure 8 in Bud's citations shows a plug-in
protector instead earthing a surge 8000 volts destructively through an
adjacent TV. Why is that voltage not earthed by a plug-in protector -
via the less than 13,000 volt ground wire? Wire parameters are why a
connection to earth must be so short (no splices, no sharp bends, etc)
and why plug-in protectors avoid all discussion about earthing.

The 'less than 10 foot' earthing connection is but another reason
why a 'whole house' protector is so effective and why plug-in
protectors don't even claim (in manufacturer numerical specs) to
protect from a typically destructive surge.

The second point: lifting of ground potential (also called GPR) is
why effective protection systems use single point earthing. But
again, an effective protection system achieves both conductivity and
equipotential. What defines both parameters? Single point earthing
electrode. Better protected homes install an Ufer ground or something
equivalent since protection is defined by earthing. Better protected
homes don't waste tens of times more money on ineffective and
overhyped plug-in protectors. Other examples of superior protection
(and again plug-in protectors are not a solution):
http://www.psihq.com/iread/ufergrnd.htm
http://scott-inc.com/html/ufer.htm

What defines protection? Earth ground. How do we install superior
and effective protection 'systems'? See comp.sys.mac.comm on 4 Jul
2007 entitled "DSL speed" at
http://tinyurl.com/2gbgef

Plug-in protectors are missing THE most critical component in every
protection 'system': single point earth ground. Those promoting such
grossly profitable devices ignore wire impedance and earth ground (as
well as manufacturer datasheets, research papers, and even concepts
demonstrated by Franklin in 1752). Wire parameters are why a 'whole
house' protector is so effective as well as less expensive. No earth
ground (ie Panamax and other poorly regarded products without a
dedicated earthing wire) means no effective protection. What do
responsible manufacturers such as Square D, GE, Siemens, Intermatic,
Cutler-Hammer, Leviton, etc all provide with their protectors? A
dedicated earthing wire. Why? That 'less than 10 foot' earthing
connection determines quality - due to wire resistance, inductance,
etc.

Those effective solutions are available in Lowes, Home Depot, and
electrical supply houses.

Bud's citation Page 42 Figure 8: a protector without proper
earthing, instead, earths a surge 8000 volts destructively through an
adjacent TV. Bud calls that acceptable because profits on each plug-
in protector are so high. Bud routinely ignores wire resistance,
inductance, etc - whihch is Michael's first point. Bud routinely
ignores the essential purpose of earthing - which is Michael's second
point. Bud promotes protectors that don't even claim to protect from
the typically destructive surge. That typically destructive surge is
not a voltage difference between neutral and ground wires.

Common mode surge - enters on any one or all three AC wires. Finds
earth ground (outgoing) via another circuit path such as a cable TV
wire, table top, or concrete floor.

In Page 42 Figure 8. Why does that surge current find earth ground
destructively through a TV? Wire to earth ground is too long -
Michael's 1st point. Earthing that provides protection is improperly
installed - Michael's 2nd point. A protector is only as effective as
its earth ground - a statement defined in part by wire parameters and
how the earthing electrode is installed.

Meanwhile, a person who repeatedly replies with supporting technical
facts and numbers also posted details about earthing in
http://tinyurl.com/2gbgef . Earthing - not a magic box - defines
protection. A protector is only as effective as its earth ground -
including its dedicated wire connection. The effective protector has
a dedicated wire for that 'less than 10 foot' connection to single
point earth ground. Plug-in protectors 'forget' to install that
necessary wire.

Meanwhile those 'obsolete' standards for power supplies? Intel
simply upped many of those requirements. And better power supply
manufacturers now exceed some of those 'obsolete' numbers that every
good tech was expected to have learned decades ago. Those numbers
still apply today when the computer tech buys power supplies based in
technical facts - not just in watts and dollars as is so common among
computer assemblers. Any power supply that cannot start a computer
when incandescant lamps are at 40% intensity is defective - directly
traceable to a 'bean counter' masking as a technician. Provided three
times over is what every responsible computer tech knows. A computer
must even startup just fine when the 120 VAC power is only 90 VAC.
That has been and is still the standard - where people know by first
learning the technology - such as numbers from manufacturer
datasheets, etc.