Helen Deborah Vecht wrote:

Connect up a phone to your suspect cable. Try to make an outgoing call,
try it for BB if you can and check it all rings if you phone it from
another line (mobile recommended).

Depends what phone you use for the test, so far as checking the ringing
is concerned. Many phones now connect to only two wires (2 & 5, which
should be Blue pair, conventionally), and split the ringing signal
internally. Other phones use three wires (2 & 5, plus 3 - Orange
pair), using the ring signal that has been split to the third wire at
the Network Termination Equipment (usually referred to as a 'linebox'
or master socket).

If wire 3 has been damaged a 'two-wire' phone won't detect the fault.