Einre, Einre, Einre!!!

It's called conventional current flow, get used to it because nearly
eveything you do in EE will assume convention flow. Diodes, transistors,
SPICE models, etc are all oriented to convential flow...hey that's why they
call it conventional. Think a second, if electrons are flowing one
direction positve "holes" are flowing the other way otherwise a charge would
build up in the wire--can't happen mister.

Things actually get much easier to understand with conventional flow. e.g.
if you want to know how to turn a transistor on, you can try talking sexy
to it, or if you are serious, just look at the emitter arrow, flow
conventional "positve" current in the direction the arrow points and you'll
get lucky!!!

EE work often requires, upside down, backwards, sidewise, sometimes even
smoke and mirrors to figure things out. Don't get caught up in a limited
thinking pattern.

Now to really confuse you, who says electrons are negatively charged anyway?
or are protons positively charged? this is just a naming convention, all
you can really say is the particles are oppositely charged. We could have
said electrons are positve and protons negative, absolutely nothing would be
different in how the universe works.

Do you know about positive and negative logic, knowing both is the secret to
perfect, fast, and easy logic design....?

DR

"Ernie Werbel" wrote in message
news:F2plg.250$ia6.94@trndny09...
Hi all. I am a part-time college student majoring in Electrical
Engineering Technology. I have been trying to learn as much as I can on
my own since I was twelve; about ten years now. The earliest material I
found was in books and experience in taking things apart. I learned that
electrons flowed out of the negative terminal of the battery, through the
circuit components, and back into the positive terminal. Hence, I have
always designed my projects around a positive ground point. No problems
there.
Well for the past year I have finally gotten into the hardcore
electronics-related classes at the college. Some material is familiar,
but most of it is new. I am doing well however I have difficulty with the
fact that the modern textbooks are showing the circuits using a negative
ground. This seems backwards. I know the circuit will still work the same
way, but it's hard to get myself to think in the negative-ground sense.
If I look at a positive-grounded circuit, I can envision the electrons and
make calculations without difficulty, but it's a different story with
negative ground for me.
What is anyone else's takes on this?
Ernie