From ERS:
Another thing to check
when looking at the gears is to see if paired gears are used and if so
maybe one of the gears is on the shaft the wrong way. What I mean is
this: the lathe may have a 120 tooth gear paired with a 127 tooth
gear.

From the OP:
Here's a link to some photos I took earlier:
http://pg.photos.yahoo.com/ph/cj1210...548scd&.src=ph

These two gears he's talking about are clearly visible in photo
100_2259.

You need to change the small input and output gears on the pair of big
gears so that they are both on the same large gear (it doesn't matter
which one since it will then be acting as an idler--a gear which
transfers
power but does not change ratios). I'm guessing there's a spacer under
one or both of the small gears, and if you swap one of the gears and
its
spacer in position on its shaft, and re-align the bracket and the big
gears
so that everything meshes, you'll be all set...
--Glenn Lyford