Go to the local home center and get a replacement formica top for less
than you can buy the tile. I doubt anything would reliably stick to
the formica and even if it did you are at minimum going to have to redo
the drain in the sink for the increased height and possibly the supply
lines depending on the way the faucet was installed.

A new formica top can be replaced in a day. A tile job as you
described is *at least* two days of work, probably a lot more.