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WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Arfa Daily wrote: Does anyone know where in the world the school of half-arsed camerawork and editing techniques is ? Must be a big place, as it seems that networks won't take on anyone any more, who hasn't graduated from it ... :-) It was once thought that any camera work or editing which grabbed your attention would distract from the story. But nowadays story seems often less important than the action. I'm of a generation brought up on radio drama - and still enjoy it. Luckily in the UK there's still a fair bit. Both film and TV have to work hard to improve on your own imagination. ;-) -- *Why is the word abbreviation so long? Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
"Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: Does anyone know where in the world the school of half-arsed camerawork and editing techniques is ? Must be a big place, as it seems that networks won't take on anyone any more, who hasn't graduated from it ... :-) It was once thought that any camera work or editing which grabbed your attention would distract from the story. But nowadays story seems often less important than the action. I'm of a generation brought up on radio drama - and still enjoy it. Luckily in the UK there's still a fair bit. Both film and TV have to work hard to improve on your own imagination. ;-) -- *Why is the word abbreviation so long? Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. There's a lot of camera and editing techniques employed now, which I think are the result of arty-farty thinking, and often at least incongruous in a particular production, if not downright inappropriate. One that seems to have come in recently, is where a show like for instance "The Hotel Inspector", has a presenter who needs to present some parts direct to camera. They used to look at the camera, and the good ones could get the right 'expression' into their eyes to 'engage' the viewer. You actually felt like they were talking to you alone. Now, they seem to talk to some unknown person standing 10 feet behind the camerman's right shoulder. This gives their eyes a strange 'disconnected' look, and it feels sort of rude of them to appear to be talking to someone else rather than me. I also hate the waggling camera shots, the rapid zooms and de-zooms that leave the focus lagging a couple of seconds behind, and the way that cookery programmes are shot now, with the camera zooming in on a single tomato seed in the mixing bowl, before a high speed de-zoom to some arbitrary ingredient pile or implement, followed by another high speed and defocussed zoom to the spot on the end of the presenter's nose, followed by a rapid drop back into the mixing bowl. WTF are they trying to show ? How is that sort of crap appropriate to that type of programme ? And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', changed the way it's lit, presumably to try to give it some kind of dark edginess, added the most inappropriate incidental music, and changed the characters into moody hard-men. That show had a good format before, and wasn't suffering falling ratings, so why try to fix what ain't broke ? And it never starts on time ... :-) Arfa |
WTF with my computer clock?
Arfa Daily wrote:
"Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: Does anyone know where in the world the school of half-arsed camerawork and editing techniques is ? Must be a big place, as it seems that networks won't take on anyone any more, who hasn't graduated from it ... :-) It was once thought that any camera work or editing which grabbed your attention would distract from the story. But nowadays story seems often less important than the action. I'm of a generation brought up on radio drama - and still enjoy it. Luckily in the UK there's still a fair bit. Both film and TV have to work hard to improve on your own imagination. ;-) -- *Why is the word abbreviation so long? Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. There's a lot of camera and editing techniques employed now, which I think are the result of arty-farty thinking, and often at least incongruous in a particular production, if not downright inappropriate. One that seems to have come in recently, is where a show like for instance "The Hotel Inspector", has a presenter who needs to present some parts direct to camera. They used to look at the camera, and the good ones could get the right 'expression' into their eyes to 'engage' the viewer. You actually felt like they were talking to you alone. Now, they seem to talk to some unknown person standing 10 feet behind the camerman's right shoulder. This gives their eyes a strange 'disconnected' look, and it feels sort of rude of them to appear to be talking to someone else rather than me. I also hate the waggling camera shots, the rapid zooms and de-zooms that leave the focus lagging a couple of seconds behind, and the way that cookery programmes are shot now, with the camera zooming in on a single tomato seed in the mixing bowl, before a high speed de-zoom to some arbitrary ingredient pile or implement, followed by another high speed and defocussed zoom to the spot on the end of the presenter's nose, followed by a rapid drop back into the mixing bowl. WTF are they trying to show ? How is that sort of crap appropriate to that type of programme ? And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', changed the way it's lit, presumably to try to give it some kind of dark edginess, added the most inappropriate incidental music, and changed the characters into moody hard-men. That show had a good format before, and wasn't suffering falling ratings, so why try to fix what ain't broke ? And it never starts on time ... :-) Arfa Have you noticed that they've just discovered tilt shifting so that almost every cop show you watch these days has long shots that look like lego models and usually quite out of context - they do it cos they can. Ron |
WTF with my computer clock?
"Ron" wrote in message ... Arfa Daily wrote: "Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: Does anyone know where in the world the school of half-arsed camerawork and editing techniques is ? Must be a big place, as it seems that networks won't take on anyone any more, who hasn't graduated from it ... :-) It was once thought that any camera work or editing which grabbed your attention would distract from the story. But nowadays story seems often less important than the action. I'm of a generation brought up on radio drama - and still enjoy it. Luckily in the UK there's still a fair bit. Both film and TV have to work hard to improve on your own imagination. ;-) -- *Why is the word abbreviation so long? Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. There's a lot of camera and editing techniques employed now, which I think are the result of arty-farty thinking, and often at least incongruous in a particular production, if not downright inappropriate. One that seems to have come in recently, is where a show like for instance "The Hotel Inspector", has a presenter who needs to present some parts direct to camera. They used to look at the camera, and the good ones could get the right 'expression' into their eyes to 'engage' the viewer. You actually felt like they were talking to you alone. Now, they seem to talk to some unknown person standing 10 feet behind the camerman's right shoulder. This gives their eyes a strange 'disconnected' look, and it feels sort of rude of them to appear to be talking to someone else rather than me. I also hate the waggling camera shots, the rapid zooms and de-zooms that leave the focus lagging a couple of seconds behind, and the way that cookery programmes are shot now, with the camera zooming in on a single tomato seed in the mixing bowl, before a high speed de-zoom to some arbitrary ingredient pile or implement, followed by another high speed and defocussed zoom to the spot on the end of the presenter's nose, followed by a rapid drop back into the mixing bowl. WTF are they trying to show ? How is that sort of crap appropriate to that type of programme ? And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', changed the way it's lit, presumably to try to give it some kind of dark edginess, added the most inappropriate incidental music, and changed the characters into moody hard-men. That show had a good format before, and wasn't suffering falling ratings, so why try to fix what ain't broke ? And it never starts on time ... :-) Arfa Have you noticed that they've just discovered tilt shifting so that almost every cop show you watch these days has long shots that look like lego models and usually quite out of context - they do it cos they can. Ron I hadn't particularly noticed that one, but I shall be looking for it now .... Arfa |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Arfa Daily wrote: And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', It's called HD. ;-) changed the way it's lit, presumably to try to give it some kind of dark edginess, added the most inappropriate incidental music, and changed the characters into moody hard-men. That show had a good format before, and wasn't suffering falling ratings, so why try to fix what ain't broke ? Oh, but it was. Rumour has it ITV wanted to pull it totally - but Talkback Thames threatened to withdraw the other shows they make for ITV if they did. Hence it changing to only one ep per week - and if the ratings don't improve it will go by Xmas. -- *If Barbie is so popular, why do you have to buy her friends? * Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Ron wrote: Have you noticed that they've just discovered tilt shifting so that almost every cop show you watch these days has long shots that look like lego models and usually quite out of context - they do it cos they can. I'm not familiar with the term and don't know what you mean - can you expand? -- *Seen it all, done it all, can't remember most of it* Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
On 8/14/2009 6:52 AM Meat Plow spake thus:
On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 23:53:23 -0700, David Nebenzahl wrote: Sounds OK to me, except that I just checked and reset my computah's clock (I use a little Windoze utility called "NIStime" that gets the time from NIST); it was off by about 5 minutes. Haven't synched it up for at least 6 months, so I know my RTCC is at least that accurate. (Running W2K, so I assume that no software process is adjusting my clock.) Shouldn't most PC clocks be about that accurate? (Older MB, forget exactly what, can find out if you're interested.) W2K has an SNTP client built in. Run cmd.exe then type 'net time /?' for help. I used to build OEM computers and have seen many different degrees of inaccuracy both positive and negative. Thanks; as Johnny Carson used to say, "I did not know that". So how does NTP work in this case? I'm guessing it must contact some entity over "the network" (meaning something external to my computer) in order to determine the actual time, no? How does this work? Who does it contact? (Short answer will be fine.) I do notice that one of the NTP commands is [\\computername] /SETSNTP[:ntp server list] so I assume my computah keeps a list of servers "out there". (So I guess if my computer is contacting a time server out there periodically, but my clock was still off by 5 minutes, then the RTCC must be *really* inaccurate.) By the way, you can type "net time ?" to see the "help" info. -- Found--the gene that causes belief in genetic determinism |
WTF with my computer clock?
"Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', It's called HD. ;-) Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. changed the way it's lit, presumably to try to give it some kind of dark edginess, added the most inappropriate incidental music, and changed the characters into moody hard-men. That show had a good format before, and wasn't suffering falling ratings, so why try to fix what ain't broke ? Oh, but it was. Rumour has it ITV wanted to pull it totally - but Talkback Thames threatened to withdraw the other shows they make for ITV if they did. Hence it changing to only one ep per week - and if the ratings don't improve it will go by Xmas. -- *If Barbie is so popular, why do you have to buy her friends? * Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. Hmmm. Not what I read, but as you are 'in the trade', probably more accurate. Still, with what they've done to the programme now, I can't see it picking up many new viewers, and I think that many of the existing ones won't stick around long either. It has now lost all of its humour and 'feelgood' factor. It was sort of like a latter day Dixon of Dock Green in some ways. I think it showed quite nicely that sometimes, an average copper's day is more about helping old ladies cross the road, than screaming down that road at 80 mph in the area car to get to some pervert's house before he has a chance to murder the child he's abducted, and wipe his hard drive. Every storyline now seems to be about a CID operation, with uniform backing them up. All of the stories seem 'dark' and 'moody'. They've turned the head of CID into an arsy, sulky, depressive, and Jack Meadows into a growling grumpy old sod. If this is what the programme makers think is going to save the programme, then I think it probably will be pulled by Christmas, and sadly, not really missed. Arfa |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
David Nebenzahl wrote: On 8/13/2009 10:34 PM isw spake thus: In article , David Nebenzahl wrote: On 8/13/2009 4:58 AM root spake thus: isw wrote: What the NTP process does is essentially to monitor the local clock compared to a reference to understand just what its errors are, and synthesize a "perfect" clock from it. The synthesized clock can remain within a few microseconds (or better) of a reference timekeeper all the time. Maybe that works if you leave the computer on all the time. I started the ntpd daemon early in the morning and by late afternoon the time was, once again, way the hell off. Since I only care one time, one day a week what the time is I have set up crontab entries to do the job. I see the problem, that seems to have been missed by those suggesting a software kluge that periodically stuffs the clock with the right value. Here's an idea I haven't seen in this thread yet: If you're really interested in getting to the bottom of this problem, how about trying to determine whether it's the actual clock (RTCC hardware) that's off, or whether the OS is missing interrupts or there's some other software problem? How about booting the computah under some other OS, say Windoze or even DOS, and running a utility that checks the RTCC for accuracy? (Don't know of any, but I'm ass-uming that there are lots of such utilities out there. Maybe there's even one for Linux.) That way you could know whether the clock needs to be tweaked (new crystal as suggested by others), or whether it's an OS problem. Just an idea. As I said earlier, if the local clock (crystal, whatever) is free-running (not synced to a standard reference using e.g. ntpd), it *will not* stay accurate because it *cannot* be running at precisely the proper rate all the time. No matter how often you set it. No matter how often you tweak that little capacitor (which is very likely *not there* to tweak in the first place. You can *never* get it "right on". The question is not whether it is ever "correct", but only how fast it diverges from "correct" whenever you stop messing with it. The brilliance and elegance of NTP is that it can take that crappy, imprecise, piece of temperature-sensitive quartz, and from it synthesize an amazingly precise timekeeper. Sounds OK to me, except that I just checked and reset my computah's clock (I use a little Windoze utility called "NIStime" that gets the time from NIST); it was off by about 5 minutes. Haven't synched it up for at least 6 months, so I know my RTCC is at least that accurate. (Running W2K, so I assume that no software process is adjusting my clock.) Shouldn't most PC clocks be about that accurate? (Older MB, forget exactly what, can find out if you're interested.) Most crystals used in computers are within ten or 20 parts per million of the frequency stamped on the case (you can get a lot more accurate ones, but computers don't need it). AFAIR, those little cylindrical "clock" crystals that run at 32,768 Hz are at least ten times poorer, and far more temperature sensitive to boot. I think the *best* you could expect from one of those without special treatment would be about a minute a month. Isaac |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Arfa Daily wrote: "Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', It's called HD. ;-) It's shot using progressive scan so you get the movement artifacts as on film. Thompson (Grass Valley) cameras recorded on Panasonic P2 using solid state memory cards. Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Trouble is they use fog filters on the cameras to reduce the resolution - common on drama even in SD. And use long lenses most of the time to keep the backgrounds soft. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. No - it's always been video. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. Tend to agree. But most production people hate video and will do anything to make it look 'different'. They've also changed most if not all the Lighting Directors. The Bill used to be known for using available light - or making it look like it was. It now looks 'lit'. changed the way it's lit, presumably to try to give it some kind of dark edginess, added the most inappropriate incidental music, and changed the characters into moody hard-men. That show had a good format before, and wasn't suffering falling ratings, so why try to fix what ain't broke ? Oh, but it was. Rumour has it ITV wanted to pull it totally - but Talkback Thames threatened to withdraw the other shows they make for ITV if they did. Hence it changing to only one ep per week - and if the ratings don't improve it will go by Xmas. Hmmm. Not what I read, but as you are 'in the trade', probably more accurate. Still, with what they've done to the programme now, I can't see it picking up many new viewers, and I think that many of the existing ones won't stick around long either. That's always the problem when you change the style. It has now lost all of its humour and 'feelgood' factor. It was sort of like a latter day Dixon of Dock Green in some ways. I think it showed quite nicely that sometimes, an average copper's day is more about helping old ladies cross the road, than screaming down that road at 80 mph in the area car to get to some pervert's house before he has a chance to murder the child he's abducted, and wipe his hard drive. Every storyline now seems to be about a CID operation, with uniform backing them up. All of the stories seem 'dark' and 'moody'. They've turned the head of CID into an arsy, sulky, depressive, and Jack Meadows into a growling grumpy old sod. If this is what the programme makers think is going to save the programme, then I think it probably will be pulled by Christmas, and sadly, not really missed. Sadly the advertisers don't want the older audience. They want youngsters who they think have more income to spend on their products. Hence them spending a much lower percentage of their budget on TV than used to be. Arfa -- *Microsoft broke Volkswagen's record: They only made 21.4 million bugs. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
"Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: "Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', It's called HD. ;-) It's shot using progressive scan so you get the movement artifacts as on film. Thompson (Grass Valley) cameras recorded on Panasonic P2 using solid state memory cards. Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Trouble is they use fog filters on the cameras to reduce the resolution - common on drama even in SD. And use long lenses most of the time to keep the backgrounds soft. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. No - it's always been video. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. Tend to agree. But most production people hate video and will do anything to make it look 'different'. They've also changed most if not all the Lighting Directors. The Bill used to be known for using available light - or making it look like it was. It now looks 'lit'. Ah, yes. That's it I think. I was trying to figure just what they had done. I always try to shoot photos where possible with available light, and always have both with 35mm film, and latterly, digital. Personally, I think it gives a more 'natural' look. So in the case of The Bill, it's probably a two-way thing. Different lighting directors who believe in artificially lighting the scene, and a desire by the writers / producers / directors (??) to try to make it look 'edgier' to go with their new post 9pm dark storylines ... changed the way it's lit, presumably to try to give it some kind of dark edginess, added the most inappropriate incidental music, and changed the characters into moody hard-men. That show had a good format before, and wasn't suffering falling ratings, so why try to fix what ain't broke ? Oh, but it was. Rumour has it ITV wanted to pull it totally - but Talkback Thames threatened to withdraw the other shows they make for ITV if they did. Hence it changing to only one ep per week - and if the ratings don't improve it will go by Xmas. Hmmm. Not what I read, but as you are 'in the trade', probably more accurate. Still, with what they've done to the programme now, I can't see it picking up many new viewers, and I think that many of the existing ones won't stick around long either. That's always the problem when you change the style. It has now lost all of its humour and 'feelgood' factor. It was sort of like a latter day Dixon of Dock Green in some ways. I think it showed quite nicely that sometimes, an average copper's day is more about helping old ladies cross the road, than screaming down that road at 80 mph in the area car to get to some pervert's house before he has a chance to murder the child he's abducted, and wipe his hard drive. Every storyline now seems to be about a CID operation, with uniform backing them up. All of the stories seem 'dark' and 'moody'. They've turned the head of CID into an arsy, sulky, depressive, and Jack Meadows into a growling grumpy old sod. If this is what the programme makers think is going to save the programme, then I think it probably will be pulled by Christmas, and sadly, not really missed. Sadly the advertisers don't want the older audience. They want youngsters who they think have more income to spend on their products. Hence them spending a much lower percentage of their budget on TV than used to be. Arfa -- *Microsoft broke Volkswagen's record: They only made 21.4 million bugs. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
On 8/14/2009 11:46 PM isw spake thus:
In article , David Nebenzahl wrote: Sounds OK to me, except that I just checked and reset my computah's clock (I use a little Windoze utility called "NIStime" that gets the time from NIST); it was off by about 5 minutes. Haven't synched it up for at least 6 months, so I know my RTCC is at least that accurate. (Running W2K, so I assume that no software process is adjusting my clock.) Shouldn't most PC clocks be about that accurate? (Older MB, forget exactly what, can find out if you're interested.) Most crystals used in computers are within ten or 20 parts per million of the frequency stamped on the case (you can get a lot more accurate ones, but computers don't need it). AFAIR, those little cylindrical "clock" crystals that run at 32,768 Hz are at least ten times poorer, and far more temperature sensitive to boot. I think the *best* you could expect from one of those without special treatment would be about a minute a month. Hope I'm not belaboring the point here. I just ran "net time" again and got the error message "Could not locate a time-server". So I assume that even if that process is running on my computer, as someone else here asserted, it's not doing anything to my RTC, as there are no time-servers to query (that it knows about). Therefore, the time my computer displays is the actual RTC value. Therefore, it seems to be at least as accurate as you've stated (about a minute a month), which actually seems pretty damn good to me. If it gets off by 12 minutes a year, resetting the thing once annually would yield a clock that should be close enough for most folks' purposes. -- Found--the gene that causes belief in genetic determinism |
WTF with my computer clock?
"Meat Plow" wrote in message ... On Sat, 15 Aug 2009 01:24:19 +0100, "Arfa Daily" wrote: "Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', It's called HD. ;-) Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. My Pana 51" has a different color matrix for SD and HD. Explain some more ? Arfa |
WTF with my computer clock?
Ray L. Volts wrote:
root wrote: The damned thing loses about 20 minutes/day and has so since the machine was new about 3 years ago. My guess is that it isn't fixable, but maybe you have some ideas. TIA. This thread reminds me of an old Columbo movie. As I recall, the murderer had reset his PC clock so that certain data would be erroneously timestamped while his PC was used during his absence -- thus providing his alibi later. I don't recall how Columbo realized this bit of trickery had taken place, but, being Columbo, he did. Nowadays, the culprit would need to remember to also keep the machine from syncing with online time servers! Don't remember that one - do remember a Columbo movie where a VCR is used to timeshift a programme (football game?) which together with drugging is used to give the murderer a witness to prove that he was at home at the time of the murder. Quite a new idea at the time - the movie was made before launch of Betamax and VHS so was probably either a Umatic or Philips stacked reels machine. |
WTF with my computer clock?
Jeff Liebermann wrote:
One machine I worked with had a unique problem. When the machine went into standby, the clock would just stop. When it came out of standby, it would continue where it left off, losing the time it was in standby. It was fixed under warranty. I don't recall the vendor. Oh yeah, check the button battery that backs up the clock. It might be dead or dying. I've had machines with faulty (or even missing) CMOS battery causing the Clock to stop in Standby but still not any loss of setup data. |
WTF with my computer clock?
Arfa Daily wrote:
If you are the telephone company, or a television broadcaster, though, things really do work a lot better when the digital signals carried by your network all are at precisely the same bitrate, no matter where they come from. Right. At one time TV stations etc had their own accurate pulse generator referenced to the national standard. Here in the UK it was IIRC from the National Physics Laboratory. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. I reckon that TV companies must now use these laptops with very rough RTCs ! Have you noticed that now programme material is not networked from one region into some or all of the others, and adverts are no longer 'local', there is not any need for accurate cueing points around the network, so advertised starting times are not even nodded at ? I checked the starting times of about half a dozen programmes tonight, using the teletext clock, which I believe to be accurate, and not a single one started within 1 minute of the correct time, and a couple of them were off by several minutes. Just another manifestation of declining standards throughout the civilised world ... :-\ It's not just between broadcasters, the BBC does it between their channels as well. Their 'Points Of View' viewer complaints show have done a few reports on viewers complaining about different times on BBC1 and BBC2, at least one of which had one of their presenters switching between the 2 channels at programme change to demonstrate the problem. The problem (which they actually proved was real - surprised they were allowed to show that on BBC1) is that BBC1 often runs 2 minutes early and BBC2 is 2 minutes late. Switch one way and you have to wait 4 mins for programme start, switch the other and you miss the start. But then the BBC don't seem to care about viewers anymore - the recent Wimbledon problems where the schedules for the 2 channels were suddenly switched at the last second for 2 evenings (causing people recording the last episode of Robin Hood to miss it, needing it to be rebroadcast a few weeks later - they switched schedules too late for PVR's to catch the move). Quite how they thought that helped anyone is a mystery - anyone recording Wimbledon would have missed it and had BBC1's normal schedule recorded and anyone recording the normal BBC1 schedule who would have got home to find a tape / DVD of wimbledon (or in the case of PVR's nothing at all - the change made recordings just cancel). |
WTF with my computer clock?
Arfa Daily wrote:
"Dave Plowman (News)" wrote in message ... In article , Arfa Daily wrote: And now that "The Bill" has got a 9 o'clock slot, they've changed the shooting medium to something that looks altogether 'wrong', It's called HD. ;-) Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. Oh dear, sounds like the horrible filmic processing - where they reverse the order of the 2 interlaced half frames to give the picture a juddering effect which is claimed to look more like film. |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Nigel Feltham wrote: Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. Oh dear, sounds like the horrible filmic processing - where they reverse the order of the 2 interlaced half frames to give the picture a juddering effect which is claimed to look more like film. No - The Bill has never used that. Or rather not in general - it may have been tried on a 'special'. The current ones are shot HD using progressive scan. But IIRC, they suppress one field and repeat the other for this effect? -- *He who laughs last, thinks slowest. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
Dave Plowman (News) wrote:
In article , Nigel Feltham wrote: Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. Oh dear, sounds like the horrible filmic processing - where they reverse the order of the 2 interlaced half frames to give the picture a juddering effect which is claimed to look more like film. No - The Bill has never used that. Or rather not in general - it may have been tried on a 'special'. The current ones are shot HD using progressive scan. But IIRC, they suppress one field and repeat the other for this effect? Certainly, no one in their right mind would deliberately reverse the interlace ordering - the result is unwatchable. Sylvia. |
WTF with my computer clock?
Dave Plowman (News) wrote:
In article , Arfa Daily wrote: I reckon that TV companies must now use these laptops with very rough RTCs ! Have you noticed that now programme material is not networked from one region into some or all of the others, and adverts are no longer 'local', there is not any need for accurate cueing points around the network, so advertised starting times are not even nodded at ? I checked the starting times of about half a dozen programmes tonight, using the teletext clock, which I believe to be accurate, and not a single one started within 1 minute of the correct time, and a couple of them were off by several minutes. Just another manifestation of declining standards throughout the civilised world ... :-\ Depends - the actual ad break times are pretty accurate between some of the companies - the idea being to prevent channel hopping when the ads come on. You'll just see ads on the others. Hence the way they crash into the break on progs not made with this schedule in mind. And most of ITV comes from just one playout centre, so should be synchronised across the country. Start times for progs have never been accurately published. They've always been approximate - apart from on some data points in the evening. Here in Australia I got documentary proof that a station was deliberately running late. See http://groups.google.com/group/aus.t...a580334e9ff9f2 I had recorded that channel that evening, on a PC that has its clock synchronized to an accurate clock, and the times given in that schedule were to within one second of when the material was actually broadcast. They just weren't the times that had been advertised. Sylvia. |
WTF with my computer clock?
Nigel Feltham wrote:
Arfa Daily wrote: If you are the telephone company, or a television broadcaster, though, things really do work a lot better when the digital signals carried by your network all are at precisely the same bitrate, no matter where they come from. Right. At one time TV stations etc had their own accurate pulse generator referenced to the national standard. Here in the UK it was IIRC from the National Physics Laboratory. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. I reckon that TV companies must now use these laptops with very rough RTCs ! Have you noticed that now programme material is not networked from one region into some or all of the others, and adverts are no longer 'local', there is not any need for accurate cueing points around the network, so advertised starting times are not even nodded at ? I checked the starting times of about half a dozen programmes tonight, using the teletext clock, which I believe to be accurate, and not a single one started within 1 minute of the correct time, and a couple of them were off by several minutes. Just another manifestation of declining standards throughout the civilised world ... :-\ It's not just between broadcasters, the BBC does it between their channels as well. Their 'Points Of View' viewer complaints show have done a few reports on viewers complaining about different times on BBC1 and BBC2, at least one of which had one of their presenters switching between the 2 channels at programme change to demonstrate the problem. The problem (which they actually proved was real - surprised they were allowed to show that on BBC1) is that BBC1 often runs 2 minutes early and BBC2 is 2 minutes late. Switch one way and you have to wait 4 mins for programme start, switch the other and you miss the start. Much as I'd like to be able to support the view that the BBC's standards are falling, I have to advise that I was already being frustrated by the BBC's apparent inability to keep to its published schedules back in the early 1980s. This is nothing new. Australia's counterpart, the government funded ABC which also doesn't carry advertisements, is also apparently unable, or unwilling, to broadcast things when they say they will. I suspect that, as with the commercial stations, it's deliberate. I'm just less than clear what the motivation would be for a non-commercial station. Sylvia. |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Sylvia Else wrote: Much as I'd like to be able to support the view that the BBC's standards are falling, I have to advise that I was already being frustrated by the BBC's apparent inability to keep to its published schedules back in the early 1980s. This is nothing new. If you give it some thought, it's near impossible to make a prog run 'to the second', as some seem to want. You could, of course, always make it shorter and fill the gaps with trails etc - allowing the next one to start on the second. But that would bring even more complaints. ;-) -- *Friends help you move. Real friends help you move bodies. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
David Nebenzahl wrote: Hope I'm not belaboring the point here. I just ran "net time" again and got the error message "Could not locate a time-server". So I assume that even if that process is running on my computer, as someone else here asserted, it's not doing anything to my RTC, as there are no time-servers to query (that it knows about). Therefore, the time my computer displays is the actual RTC value. Therefore, it seems to be at least as accurate as you've stated (about a minute a month), which actually seems pretty damn good to me. If it gets off by 12 minutes a year, resetting the thing once annually would yield a clock that should be close enough for most folks' purposes. http://download.cnet.com/Atomic-Cloc...2_4-14844.html -- You can't have a sense of humor, if you have no sense! |
WTF with my computer clock?
Dave Plowman (News) wrote:
In article , Sylvia Else wrote: Much as I'd like to be able to support the view that the BBC's standards are falling, I have to advise that I was already being frustrated by the BBC's apparent inability to keep to its published schedules back in the early 1980s. This is nothing new. If you give it some thought, it's near impossible to make a prog run 'to the second', as some seem to want. You could, of course, always make it shorter and fill the gaps with trails etc - allowing the next one to start on the second. But that would bring even more complaints. ;-) Maybe not with live shows but when shows are pre-recorded the broadcaster knows the exact length of each show long before broadcast so should be able to make the published schedule fit what is actually broadcast - like if you broadcast a pre-recorded show at 8pm and you know the recording is exactly 60 mins long then advertise the next one as 9:02 to allow for trailers not 9:00 and run late. Why is BBC1's 'ONE SHOW' always broadcast 2 minutes early (both start and end times) - I know it's live but showing just 1 trailer before the show would make it run to schedule, surely showing extra trailers would bring in less complaints than viewers missing the first 2 minutes of every episode. |
WTF with my computer clock?
On 8/16/2009 6:52 AM Meat Plow spake thus:
On Sat, 15 Aug 2009 14:56:05 -0700, David Nebenzahl wrote: Hope I'm not belaboring the point here. I just ran "net time" again and got the error message "Could not locate a time-server". So I assume that even if that process is running on my computer, as someone else here asserted, it's not doing anything to my RTC, as there are no time-servers to query (that it knows about). Therefore, the time my computer displays is the actual RTC value. Therefore, it seems to be at least as accurate as you've stated (about a minute a month), which actually seems pretty damn good to me. If it gets off by 12 minutes a year, resetting the thing once annually would yield a clock that should be close enough for most folks' purposes. You have to set net time up before you can use it. Well, duh; that was kinda my point. So I take it you don't disagree with what I said, or have nothing else to add? -- Found--the gene that causes belief in genetic determinism |
WTF with my computer clock?
On 8/16/2009 9:55 AM Michael A. Terrell spake thus:
David Nebenzahl wrote: Hope I'm not belaboring the point here. I just ran "net time" again and got the error message "Could not locate a time-server". So I assume that even if that process is running on my computer, as someone else here asserted, it's not doing anything to my RTC, as there are no time-servers to query (that it knows about). http://download.cnet.com/Atomic-Cloc...2_4-14844.html Thanks, but I'm happy with the little utility I already use that contacts NIST (Nat'l Institute of Standards and Technology); see http://tf.nist.gov/service/its.htm for more info. -- Found--the gene that causes belief in genetic determinism |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Nigel Feltham wrote: If you give it some thought, it's near impossible to make a prog run 'to the second', as some seem to want. You could, of course, always make it shorter and fill the gaps with trails etc - allowing the next one to start on the second. But that would bring even more complaints. ;-) Maybe not with live shows but when shows are pre-recorded the broadcaster knows the exact length of each show long before broadcast so should be able to make the published schedule fit what is actually broadcast - like if you broadcast a pre-recorded show at 8pm and you know the recording is exactly 60 mins long then advertise the next one as 9:02 to allow for trailers not 9:00 and run late. Oh they do know the *exact* length of a pre-recorded show - but even those won't run on time to the second. And so much is automated these days, playout wise. Why is BBC1's 'ONE SHOW' always broadcast 2 minutes early (both start and end times) - I know it's live but showing just 1 trailer before the show would make it run to schedule, surely showing extra trailers would bring in less complaints than viewers missing the first 2 minutes of every episode. Do people really switch on at the exact minute? More of a problem with VHS recorders where you're swapping channels to record two progs. Luckily PVRs get round this - to some extent. But the one thing you can be sure of is programme companies not cooperating with one another just for the viewer. ;-) -- *Warning: Dates in Calendar are closer than they appear. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
On 8/16/2009 2:51 PM Meat Plow spake thus:
I agree that for most a minute per month is reasonable but I would expect the same accuracy as my $29.99 Timex wris****ch which is more like a second a month. So that kinda begs the question of why computer mfrs. can't (or won't) include clocks that are at *least* as accurate as a Timex, no? Wouldn't a computah be a more compelling reason for a more accurate clock? (I know, $$$ bottom line, right?) If you use the NIST SNTP server you'll be as accurate as how frequently your SNTP client updates. Of course, it would be nice to know one's computer would maintain accurate time even if, god forbid, it was somehow disconnected from The Network ... -- Found--the gene that causes belief in genetic determinism |
WTF with my computer clock?
On Sun, 16 Aug 2009 17:34:37 -0700, David Nebenzahl
wrote: On 8/16/2009 2:51 PM Meat Plow spake thus: I agree that for most a minute per month is reasonable but I would expect the same accuracy as my $29.99 Timex wris****ch which is more like a second a month. So that kinda begs the question of why computer mfrs. can't (or won't) include clocks that are at *least* as accurate as a Timex, no? Wouldn't a computah be a more compelling reason for a more accurate clock? (I know, $$$ bottom line, right?) Because it's difficult. The right way to have done it would have been to do a function call from an RTC (real time clock) every time some application needs the actual time. IBM or MS, in their infinite wisdom, elected to install an RTC on the mainboard, copy its contents to the operating system, and then let the OS have the time available without having to read it from the RTC chip. Great idea in the days of 4.77MHz CPU's, which don't have too many operations per second. Not so great an idea with 3GHz processors, where the much larger number of operations per second will produce far more lost interrupts per second. The result is clock drift, always in the form of losing time. Most apps that require accurate time (i.e. SMTPE time code synchronized NLS editor, SONET, etc) will usually get the time from an external source, rather than use the OS or even the RTC. If you use the NIST SNTP server you'll be as accurate as how frequently your SNTP client updates. Of course, it would be nice to know one's computer would maintain accurate time even if, god forbid, it was somehow disconnected from The Network ... There are internal GPS receivers that will supply accurate bus timing. http://www.symmetricom.com/products/gps-solutions/bus-level-timing/ If your worried about losing sync when the internet hickups, you can go cheap and just use the NMEA-182 time data from the GPS or the 1pps time ticks. Last resort is a WWVB time receiver, which works quite well in the middle of the night, when you probably don't need it. Incidentally, I had an odd experience back in the stone age of PC's. I was doing work for a local PC dealer. I wrote my first, and almost last, Turbo Pascal program that displayed an analog clock on the CGA screen, and planted it on a PC in the window of the store. I knew it wasn't terribly accurate, but it was tolerable (at about 5 minutes per day). Shoppers would walk up to the window, look at the computer screen, and then reset their wrist watches using the PC as a reference. Of course, the computer MUST be more accurate. I eventually had to put a sign in the window warning that this was a bad idea. -- Jeff Liebermann 150 Felker St #D http://www.LearnByDestroying.com Santa Cruz CA 95060 http://802.11junk.com Skype: JeffLiebermann AE6KS 831-336-2558 |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
David Nebenzahl wrote: So that kinda begs the question of why computer mfrs. can't (or won't) include clocks that are at *least* as accurate as a Timex, no? Wouldn't a computah be a more compelling reason for a more accurate clock? (I know, $$$ bottom line, right?) Yup. Most of these computers use motherboards which are manufactured under extreme competitive pressure. Shaving a few pennies off of the bill-of-materials, per board, can make the difference between getting the contract and not. -- Dave Platt AE6EO Friends of Jade Warrior home page: http://www.radagast.org/jade-warrior I do _not_ wish to receive unsolicited commercial email, and I will boycott any company which has the gall to send me such ads! |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
David Nebenzahl wrote: On 8/16/2009 9:55 AM Michael A. Terrell spake thus: David Nebenzahl wrote: Hope I'm not belaboring the point here. I just ran "net time" again and got the error message "Could not locate a time-server". So I assume that even if that process is running on my computer, as someone else here asserted, it's not doing anything to my RTC, as there are no time-servers to query (that it knows about). http://download.cnet.com/Atomic-Cloc...2_4-14844.html Thanks, but I'm happy with the little utility I already use that contacts NIST (Nat'l Institute of Standards and Technology); see http://tf.nist.gov/service/its.htm for more info. You should stay away from NIST (and all other stratum one servers) to avoid overloading their server unless you have a real need for high precision -- REALLY high. Otherwise, find a good stratum two server to connect to; you'll never know the difference. There are a lot; just google. I use time.apple.com. Isaac |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
David Nebenzahl wrote: On 8/16/2009 2:51 PM Meat Plow spake thus: I agree that for most a minute per month is reasonable but I would expect the same accuracy as my $29.99 Timex wris****ch which is more like a second a month. So that kinda begs the question of why computer mfrs. can't (or won't) include clocks that are at *least* as accurate as a Timex, no? Wouldn't a computah be a more compelling reason for a more accurate clock? (I know, $$$ bottom line, right?) If you use the NIST SNTP server you'll be as accurate as how frequently your SNTP client updates. Of course, it would be nice to know one's computer would maintain accurate time even if, god forbid, it was somehow disconnected from The Network ... Functionally impossible. By adding money, you can reduce the drift rate but you can't make it zero. Period. Just use NTP. And *stay away* from the stratum one servers like NIST; they have better things to do than keep your computer's clock on time. Isaac |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Jeff Liebermann wrote: On Sun, 16 Aug 2009 17:34:37 -0700, David Nebenzahl wrote: On 8/16/2009 2:51 PM Meat Plow spake thus: I agree that for most a minute per month is reasonable but I would expect the same accuracy as my $29.99 Timex wris****ch which is more like a second a month. So that kinda begs the question of why computer mfrs. can't (or won't) include clocks that are at *least* as accurate as a Timex, no? Wouldn't a computah be a more compelling reason for a more accurate clock? (I know, $$$ bottom line, right?) Because it's difficult. The right way to have done it would have been to do a function call from an RTC (real time clock) every time some application needs the actual time. I don't agree. NO CLOCK, running alone, can be really accurate over the long term. A much better way is to take the output from a crummy, inaccurate *but low cost* clock and using an external time reference, synthesize from it a local clock of simply amazing accuracy. NTP solves the problem completely, and at a very low cost (processing cycles instead of expen$ive hardware). NTP works even if the computer it's running on has *no RTC* (in the hardware sense) at all. All it needs is some sort of interrupt generated every N cycles of the processor clock (N is any integer that produces regular interrupts a few times a second; the actual interval is not important). Isaac |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Sylvia Else wrote: Dave Plowman (News) wrote: In article , Nigel Feltham wrote: Are you sure that's what it is ? Any HD that I've seen is just that. A perfectly 'normal' looking picture, but with a higher resolution. Why should a higher res camera change the tonal composition of the picture ? (assuming that it is being shot on video). Looks more like they've changed from film to video, or the other way round perhaps. Or are maybe using a video mode that attempts to simulate film, something like that. I saw it before on the programme when they did a couple of 'specials'. Didn't like it then, don't like it now. Oh dear, sounds like the horrible filmic processing - where they reverse the order of the 2 interlaced half frames to give the picture a juddering effect which is claimed to look more like film. No - The Bill has never used that. Or rather not in general - it may have been tried on a 'special'. The current ones are shot HD using progressive scan. But IIRC, they suppress one field and repeat the other for this effect? Certainly, no one in their right mind would deliberately reverse the interlace ordering - the result is unwatchable. But recording only odd (or even -- doesn't matter) fields is a very functional low-quality sort of "compression"; VCR's have been using it for years. Isaac |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Nigel Feltham wrote: Dave Plowman (News) wrote: In article , Sylvia Else wrote: Much as I'd like to be able to support the view that the BBC's standards are falling, I have to advise that I was already being frustrated by the BBC's apparent inability to keep to its published schedules back in the early 1980s. This is nothing new. If you give it some thought, it's near impossible to make a prog run 'to the second', as some seem to want. You could, of course, always make it shorter and fill the gaps with trails etc - allowing the next one to start on the second. But that would bring even more complaints. ;-) Maybe not with live shows but when shows are pre-recorded the broadcaster knows the exact length of each show long before broadcast Live or recorded, it is perfectly possible for broadcasters to maintain program timing to the nearest second; we used to do it back in the sixties, when nationwide network switching was synchronized by people watching Western Union clocks on the walls of broadcast stations all over the country. What has happened is that broadcasters either don't care any more, or there is some commercial advantage to playing fast and loose with the timing. My bet is on the latter. Isaac |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
"Dave Plowman (News)" wrote: In article , Nigel Feltham wrote: If you give it some thought, it's near impossible to make a prog run 'to the second', as some seem to want. You could, of course, always make it shorter and fill the gaps with trails etc - allowing the next one to start on the second. But that would bring even more complaints. ;-) Maybe not with live shows but when shows are pre-recorded the broadcaster knows the exact length of each show long before broadcast so should be able to make the published schedule fit what is actually broadcast - like if you broadcast a pre-recorded show at 8pm and you know the recording is exactly 60 mins long then advertise the next one as 9:02 to allow for trailers not 9:00 and run late. Oh they do know the *exact* length of a pre-recorded show - but even those won't run on time to the second. Yes, they do. Timing is based on the number of frames in the entire show, and the frame rate is very, very, accurately controlled by major broadcasters -- figure on something better than one part in a hundred million from any major network. You can use the frame rate, line rate, or color subcarrier frequency as at least a stratum two timebase if you refer to any major network's signals. And so much is automated these days, playout wise. That just makes the switching times more precise -- IF the operator cares to be... Isaac |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
David Nebenzahl wrote: I agree that for most a minute per month is reasonable but I would expect the same accuracy as my $29.99 Timex wris****ch which is more like a second a month. So that kinda begs the question of why computer mfrs. can't (or won't) include clocks that are at *least* as accurate as a Timex, no? Wouldn't a computah be a more compelling reason for a more accurate clock? (I know, $$$ bottom line, right?) Wonder if it's because a wrist watch is kept at a pretty constant temperature via the skin? -- *I'm pretty sure that sex is better than logic, but I can't prove it. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ],
isw wrote: Oh they do know the *exact* length of a pre-recorded show - but even those won't run on time to the second. Yes, they do. Timing is based on the number of frames in the entire show, and the frame rate is very, very, accurately controlled by major broadcasters -- figure on something better than one part in a hundred million from any major network. You can use the frame rate, line rate, or color subcarrier frequency as at least a stratum two timebase if you refer to any major network's signals. I know the length won't vary as transmitted, but all one hour progs etc ain't *exactly* the same length. -- *Pride is what we have. Vanity is what others have. Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
WTF with my computer clock?
"isw" wrote in message ]... In article , Nigel Feltham wrote: Dave Plowman (News) wrote: In article , Sylvia Else wrote: Much as I'd like to be able to support the view that the BBC's standards are falling, I have to advise that I was already being frustrated by the BBC's apparent inability to keep to its published schedules back in the early 1980s. This is nothing new. If you give it some thought, it's near impossible to make a prog run 'to the second', as some seem to want. You could, of course, always make it shorter and fill the gaps with trails etc - allowing the next one to start on the second. But that would bring even more complaints. ;-) Maybe not with live shows but when shows are pre-recorded the broadcaster knows the exact length of each show long before broadcast Live or recorded, it is perfectly possible for broadcasters to maintain program timing to the nearest second; we used to do it back in the sixties, when nationwide network switching was synchronized by people watching Western Union clocks on the walls of broadcast stations all over the country. What has happened is that broadcasters either don't care any more, or there is some commercial advantage to playing fast and loose with the timing. My bet is on the latter. Isaac That's my feeling too. It definitely used to be much better here in the UK, than it is now. If a programme was billed to start at 8pm, then it pretty much did. Now, it is often several minutes late, after they have finished showing genuine commercials, and then long trailers for forthcoming programmes. Even the BBC is now poor, and they only have their own trailers to factor into the equation. I really don't think that they care too much these days, as the 'networks' are no longer formed from independant regional stations, each with their own control centre, which had to synchronise, and jump on and off the network, as the programming and commercial breaks dictated. It probably is just a combination of 'no need', someone's smart-arsed thinking about channel surfing, and the general 'don't really care' attitude that's pervading everything we do now ... Arfa |
WTF with my computer clock?
In article ,
Arfa Daily wrote: That's my feeling too. It definitely used to be much better here in the UK, than it is now. If a programme was billed to start at 8pm, then it pretty much did. Pretty much sums it up. But in those days few had dead accurate clocks which are so common now. If you'd said 9 o'clock you'd have been right - that was one data point for the network, the 9 o'clock news. -- Dave Plowman London SW To e-mail, change noise into sound. |
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